铂胶体粒子的形貌控制研究  

Shape-control of Platinum Nanoparticles Stabilized by Oxalate

作　　者：符小艺[1] 王远[1] 吴念祖[1] 桂琳琳[1] 唐有祺[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理化学研究所国家动态与稳态重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《化学学报》2002年第7期1324-1330,共7页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金 (No .2 992 5 30 8);国家重点基础研究发展规划 (No .G2 0 0 0 0 775 0 3);教育部科学技术重点基金 (No .990 0 0 )资助项目

摘　　要：在含有草酸根稳定剂的水溶液中 ,以氢气还原K2 [Pt(C2 O4 ) 2 ],K2 PtCl6以及K2 PtCl4 制备形状不同的Pt胶体粒子 ,其平均尺寸分别为 6 .5 ,3.5和 7.9nm .UV vis和电镜研究结果表明 ,还原速度 ,Pt纳米粒子的尺寸和形状分布均与所用前体有关 .以K2 [Pt(C2 O4 ) 2 ]为前体制备的Pt胶体粒子具有很窄的尺寸和形状分布 ,立方形粒子所占比例为 93% .以K2 PtCl4 或K2 PtCl6为前体制备的Pt胶体粒子的形状分布较宽 .草酸根稳定的Pt胶体在空气中放置时 ,Pt胶体粒子催化草酸根氧化分解 ,使得胶体溶液中草酸根浓度降低 ,Pt胶体粒子形成线状聚集体 ,氢气处理后 。Using oxalate as a stabilizing agent, stable colloidal solutions of platinum nanoparticles of different shape distributions were prepared by reducing K-2[Pt(C2O4)(2)], K2PtCl4 and K2PtCl4 with hydrogen. The mean diameters of the Pt nanoparticles prepared from the above mentioned precursors were 6.5, 3.5 and 7.9 nm, respectively. UV-vis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies on the preparation processes and the products indicated that not only the rate of reduction and the particle size but also the shape distributions of the prepared Pt nanoparticles depended on the used precursors. Pt nanoparticles prepared from K-2[Pt(C2O4)(2)] had quite narrow size- and shape-distributions. The selectivity of cubic nanoparticles was 93%. When the prepared Pt colloidal solutions were exposed to air, oxidizing decomposition of oxalate in the solution was catalyzed by the Pt nanoparticles, which led the Pt nanoparticles to aggregate in a linear shape. After treating with hydrogen, the linear aggregations of the Pt nanoparticles fused into Pt nanowires.

关 键 词：铂胶体粒子 形貌控制 纳米粒子 草酸根 金属纳米线 

分 类 号：O648[理学—物理化学]