水环境中磷的灰化法提取  

Extraction of Phosphorus in Natural Waters and Sediments by Ignition Method

作　　者：周毅[1] 张福绥[1] 杨红生[1] 马锡年[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《分析化学》2002年第7期861-864,共4页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (No .30 10 0 139);国家重点基础研究规划项目 (G19990 12 0 12 );中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX2 40 3;ZKCX2 2 11)

摘　　要：对多种无机磷和有机磷化合物进行了实验 ,尝试了不少盐试剂 (本文称之为灰化助剂 ) ,研究它们在灰化法提取磷中的作用效果和机制。我们发现 ,许多无机磷和有机磷化合物加入MgSO4灼烧后残渣中的磷并不完全回收。而MgCl2 、Mg(Ac) 2 、CaCl2 等助剂 ,却都能使灼烧后的磷易于完全回收。我们认为 ,在利用目前已被广泛应用的MgSO4高温灰化法分析水体中的颗粒磷和总磷或有机体中的磷时 ,应当用MgCl2 取代MgSO4作为灰化助剂。而对于硫酸盐含量低的样品 ,CaCl2 同样是很有效的灰化助剂。尽管Mg(NO3 ) 2 也是高效的灰化辅助剂 ,但其应用存在危险性及较多的手工操作等缺陷 ,且还存在MgSO4的盐效应问题 ,这限制了其广泛应用。本研究认为 ,如果沉积物中加入MgCl2 后灰化 ,用 0 .2mol LHCl于 80℃浸提残渣 0 .Phosphorus recoveries from selected inorganic and organic P-containing compounds after ignition with auxiliaries, such as MgSO4, Mg (NO3)(2), MgCl2, Mg (Ac)(2) and CaCl2 were studied. It was found that the phosphorus could not be completely recovered when most P-containing compounds were ignited with MgSO4 at temperature not higher than 500degreesC if the baked residue was extracted with 0.2 mol/L HCl for 30 min at 80degreesC or at room temperature. In contrast, MgCl2, Mg(Ac)(2) and CaCl2, as well as Mg(NO3)(2), could all yield complete P recoveries. We suggest that MgCl2 rather than MgSO4, which is usually used, should be utilized as ashing auxiliary agent in the P extraction by ignition method. Although Mg (NO3)(2) is a highly effective auxiliary agent, yet interference from MgSO4, danger of explosion, toxicity of nitrogen dioxide and more manipulation steps may limit its widespread utilization. It is suggested that if sediment is ignited with MgCl2, the extraction of residue with 0.2 mol/L HCl for 30 min at 80degreesC could give good result.

关 键 词：水环境 磷 灰化法 提取 回收率 磷化合物 灰化助剂 分析 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]