地震前长周期事件的研究——历史与现状  

Research on Long-Period Events Before Earthquakes——History and Current Situation

作　　者：唐林波[1,2] 李世愚[2] 苏昉[1] 孙为[1] 刘建新[2] 和雪松[2] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学,北京102200 [2]中国地震局地球物理研究所,中国地震局构造物理开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《国际地震动态》2002年第4期1-6,共6页Recent Developments in World Seismology

摘　　要：自 2 0世纪 60年代以来 ,已经积累了许多地震前长周期事件的观测资料。这些长周期事件可以被很多不同的观测系统记录到 ,如跨断层形变、超低频电磁异常、次声波异常、井下低频导波、井水水位等。理论上对地震前长周期事件已给出了许多论证 ,例如 ,震前的断层蠕动、静地震与慢地震、断层的断裂预扩展和地震成核等。解决震前长周期事件的地面可测性 ,对突破“震前平静”带来的短临预测的困惑会起到举足轻重的作用。Since 1960's,lots of observed data on long-period events before earthquakes have been accumulated.These long-period events can be recorded by various kinds of observation systems,such as dislocation across faults,anomalies of extra-low-frequency electromagnetic waves and infrasonic waves,low-frequency guided waves under wells,well water level and so on.The long-period events before earthquakes have been theoretically demonstrated by fault creep before earthquakes,silent and slow earthquakes,fracture pre-propagation of faults and fracture nucleation as well.The resolution of surface measurement of long-period events before earthquakes would play a decisive role in overcoming the difficulty of short-term and imminent earthquake predictions brought by 'pre-earthquake quiet'.At present,the primary problem is lack of network of observation system and research on physical mechanism.

关 键 词：断层蠕动 地震前兆 断裂预扩展 超低频电磁异常 次声波 

分 类 号：P315.72[天文地球—地震学]