腹膜透析病人的应对方式及其影响因素  

Coping strategies and influence factors among patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

作　　者：程云[1] 田菁[1] 张静 黄琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属华山医院护理部,上海200040

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2002年第7期490-492,共3页Journal of Nurses Training

摘　　要：目的探索长期腹膜透析病人的应对方式及其影响因素。方法描述相关性研究设计 ,采用Jalowiec应对方式量表对 4 1例腹膜透析病人的应对方式及其影响因素进行调查分析。结果乐观应对方式为本组研究对象应用最多的方式 ,其次为悲观应对、面对应对、自信应对、情绪化应对、寻求帮助、逃避和姑息缓解压力应对方式。乐观应对受年龄和并发症的影响 (P <0 .0 1) ;逃避应对受年龄的影响 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,6 0岁以上的老年人此方式应用程度不如中青年人群 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;自信应对方式的采用受疾病的严重程度和研究对象所受的教育程度的影响 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;寻求帮助应对方式的采用与研究对象的职业相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;姑息缓解压力方式的采用受疾病的严重程度和医疗费用的支付方式影响 (P <0 .0 5 )。悲观应对为本组女性研究对象第二位常用的方式。结论透析病人的应对方式呈多样性 ,透析病人的应对方式可受文化水平、年龄、职业、医疗费用的支付方式等影响 ,通过探究透析病人的应对方式 ,医护人员有责任制定相应的措施 ,帮助病人 ,采用积极的应对方式来应对透析这个压力源。Objectives To explore coping strategies on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients.Method A descriptive design was used to select study samples. Forty one patients on CAPD were included in the study. The Coping was measured on the Jalowiec Coping Scale.Results The result showed that patients used various types of coping strategies: Optimistic coping style was the most widely adopted by study subjects, and this style was also considered to be the most effective in terms of dealing with stressful treatment aspects. Age, gender, educational level,occupation severity of health condition and ways of hospital patment had significant influence on the coping style( P <0.05). Significant gender differences were found in that women favor used fatal coping style than men( P <0.05). Different age group showed different copying strategies by rank.Conclusion It seems important to identify patients who use emotive, evasive and palliative coping techniques extensively, because they seem to be less effective at handling their illnesses. The findings of this study can further facilitate nurse practitioners in providing, information, alternative solutions and in assisting patients to better utilize problem solving methods to enhance their quality of life on dialysis.

关 键 词：腹膜透析 应对方式 Jalowiec 影响因素 尿毒症 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学] R692.5[医药卫生—临床医学]