不同亲和性的小麦品种和叶锈菌小种相互作用的组织病理学研究  

A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE INTERACTION OF WHEAT CULTIVARS AND LEAF RUST RACES WITH DIFFERENT COMPATIBILITIES

作　　者：张凤国[1] 王智炘[1] 汪宜萱[1] 朱之堉[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学

出　　处：《植物病理学报》1991年第4期271-276,共6页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：河北省科委资助项目

摘　　要：用整叶透明染色法系统地观察了不同亲和性的小麦品种和叶锈菌小种相互作用的组织病理学表现。结果表明,(1)从气孔下泡囊形成迟早和初生侵染丝的生长开始,各组合间呈现明显的差别,暗示着品种——小种相互识别和抗性表达从这个阶段开始;(2)除了不亲和组合和慢锈组合出现过敏性反应外,在亲和组合的感病品种5389与叶锈菌小种互作中也观察到了少数侵染点有坏死细胞出现,但出现时间较晚,坏死细胞数目很少,并不影响菌丝的扩展。根据上述现象,本文讨论了过敏性坏死细胞形成的专化性和利用生理和组织学某些特征作为品种抗性鉴定的指标的意义。The histopathological manifestation of interactions of wheat cultivars and leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) races with different compatibilities was investigated by using whole-leaf cleaning and staining technique at various times after inoculation. The results showed that (1) there were no significant differences in the uredospore germination and appresorium formation before infection between the combinations; (2) the first significant differences appeared among the combinations were the time and amount of substomatal vesicle formation and the growth of primary infection hyphae within the wheat leaves. This may suggest that the recognition of cultivar and rust and the expression of host resistance were initiated at this stage; (3) hypersensitive necrosis was also discovered in susceptible cultivar 5389 although the percentage of infection site with necrosis (6.7-20.0%) and the number of dead cells (0.5 cells per infection site) were less and the time of appearing necrosis was later (96hr a. i.) than the incompatible combination. The specificity of host and pathogen interaction in necrotic cell formation and the usefulness of using both certain physiological and histological characters as criterion determining the host resistance were discussed.

关 键 词：小麦 品种 叶锈菌 小种 组织病理学 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]