以植物气孔阻力评价福州大气环境质量  

USING STOMATAL RESISTANCE INDEX OF PLANTS TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT IN FUZHOU

作　　者：林舜华[1] 黄银晓[1] 韩荣庄 姚依群[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1991年第9期658-666,共9页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：福州七个功能区中以马尾、琯头、福州三地的植物气孔阻力偏大,平均值为6—7s/cm。其中马尾有一半植物的气孔阻力为2—4s/cm,属正常范围;仅少数工矿区和交通要道的植物气孔阻力为6—12s/cm,超出正常范围,阻力等级为Ⅲ至Ⅱ级,说明已受到轻度污染。其他四个功能区如鼓山、亭江、长乐、闽侯等地,植物气孔阻力平均值在3 s/cm,阻力等级均为Ⅳ级,属正常范围。从60个观测结果得出,福州地区植物气孔阻力平均值为4.14 s/cm,稍大于正常值。由阻力值推断出本区大多数植物气孔开放度是正常的,但作为表征气孔开度的蒸腾速率却比较低,平均值为5.19μgH_2O·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)。气孔阻力与叶片含污量基本上呈正相关;并且与大气中的SO_2和TSP污染状况也基本相符。从已观测的植物气孔阻力看,福州大多数地区未受到污染,仅少数工矿区、交通要道、人群集中的游览点有轻度污染。This paper deals with studies on the stomatal resistance of plants in different polluted environment in the Fuzhou region and their use in evaluating the quality of atmospheric environment. The results show that among the seven function areas under investigation,the plants in Mawei,Guantou and Fuzhou have larger stomatal resistance,the average value is 6-7s/ cm.In Mawei function area,half of the plants have normal stomatal resistance of 2-4s/cm, only in a few industrial-mining and heavy-traffic areas,the stomatal resistance of plants is 6-12s/cm,which is of grade Ⅲ to Ⅱ and exceeds the normal level,indicating that these areas have been lightly polluted.In the other four function areas (Gushan,Tingjiang,Changle, Minhou),the average value of stomatal resistance is 3s/cm,which is of grade Ⅳ or normal. The average value of stomatal resistance in the sixty observation sites is 4.14s/cm,which is a little higher than the normal level.From the stomatal resistance values we can infer that the stomatal openings of most plants in the Fuzhou region are normal,but the transpiration rate of plants is comparatively low,which is 5.19μgH_2O cm^(-2)·s^(-1) in average.This is due to the moist subtropics climate where the precipitation and vapourization is similar in amount. The stomatal resistance value not only correlates positively with the pollutant contents in leaves,but also conforms to the polluted states of SO_2 and TSP.From what we have mentioned above we can conclude that the Fuzhou region is not polluted except for a few industrial-mining, heavy traffic and crowded sightseeing areas which are only lightly polluted.This conclusion is in agreement with that of the local environmental monitoring department,that is, 'the present environmental quality of the Fuzhou Economic-Technological Development Region is fine'.We believe that it is an ideal means to use stomatal resistance index of plants in evaluating the quality of atmospheric environment.

关 键 词：植物气孔阻力 大气环境质量 蒸腾 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]