小黑麦×小滨麦三属杂种F_1小孢子发生和雄配子体发育的细胞学特点研究  

Cytological characteristic on microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development of (Triticale/Tritileymus) F_1

作　　者：李兴锋[1] 王洪刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2002年第4期766-770,T001,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 39970 4 58)

摘　　要：用压片法对八倍体小黑麦和八倍体小滨麦杂种 F1 的小孢子发生和雄配子体发育进行了细胞学观察。结果表明 :小黑麦 /小滨麦 F1 PMC MI染色体平均构型为 1 3.1 7 +2 0 .82 +0 .37 +0 .0 2 ,与其理论构型基本一致。在三属杂种 F1 减数分裂后期 可观察到较高频率的落后染色体 ;四分体时期的子细胞普遍具有微核 ;所形成的小孢子有部分能进行正常的有丝分裂 ,产生成熟的花粉 ,其成熟花粉的可育率为 44.1 %。在三属杂种 F1 的小孢子发生和雄配子体发育过程中 ,还观察到了一些特殊的细胞学现象 :在同一个细胞中的染色质活动不同步 ,小孢子发生对称的有丝分裂 ,四分体不能正常形成 。Cytological characteristic were studied on microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development of F 1 hybrid between Octoploid Triticale and Octoploid Tritileymus by using squash method.The main results are as follows:The PMC MI chromosome configuration of ( Triticale/Tritileymus ) F 1 is 13.17Ⅰ+20.82Ⅱ+0.37Ⅲ+0.02Ⅳ.And high frequency of laggard can be observed at meiotic AⅠ,as well as the micronucleoli in tetrad.Some micorospores can complete the mitosis and generate the 3 nucleated pollen,and the fertile rate of mature pollen of the hybrid was 44.1%.In the process of microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development of F 1 hybrid,some abnormal phenomenon were observed,such as the chromosome behavior in the same cell was not simultaneous,2 nucleated pollen produced by symmetric division,the tetrad cannot be formed in some cell,and amitosis of some microspore.

关 键 词：小黑麦×小滨麦三属杂种F1 小孢子发生 雄配子体发育 细胞学特点 八倍体小黑麦 八倍体小滨麦 

分 类 号：S512.5[农业科学—作物学]