实验性高血压大鼠大脑中动脉超微结构改变及其药物影响  

Ultrastructure of Middle Cerebral Arteries in Experimental Hypertensive Rats and the Effects of Captopril

作　　者：温红梅[1] 关永源[1] 曾进胜[2] 贺华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山医学院药理教研室 [2]中山大学附属第一医院脑血管病科,广州广东510080

出　　处：《高血压杂志》2002年第4期362-365,共4页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (No.39970 849) ;广东省自然科学基金团队项目 (2 0 0 0年 ) ;广东省自然科学基金 (No .990 0 6 5 ) ;美国CMB基金 (No .0 0 - 730 )资助

摘　　要：目的　探讨高血压大鼠大脑中动脉超微结构的变化及血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂的影响。方法　选用易卒中型肾血管性高血压大鼠模型 ,分为高血压组、卡托普利治疗组 ,并与假手术正常血压大鼠作对照 ,分别于肾动脉狭窄术后 4、8和 12周处死动物 ,取大脑中动脉 ,制片后分别用光镜和透射电镜观察 ,并进行体视学定量分析。结果　术后 4周时高血压组大脑中动脉光镜下无明显形态学变化 ;8周和 12周时中膜厚度、中膜与管腔比值与假手术对照组相比均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;卡托普利治疗后中膜厚度、壁腔比值均小于高血压组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。术后 4周高血压组大脑中动脉超微结构仅轻度异常 ;术后 8周细胞间隙增宽 ,间质明显水肿 ;12周时平滑肌细胞坏死 ,内质网扩张 ,线粒体部分空泡变性 ,核自溶 ,间质增生 ;卡托普利组各时期超微结构改变不明显。结论　高血压可致大脑中动脉肥厚和超微结构破坏 ,而卡托普利可以减轻高血压所致的大脑中动脉结构破坏。Objective To study the ultrastructural change of middle cerebral arteries during the development of experimental hypertension and the effects of captopril. Methods The animal model of stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats were divided into two groups, hypertension group and captopril treated group; one sham-operated group was used as normotensive control. The structure of the middle cerebral arteries was investigated by light microscope and transmission electrical microscope as well as by analyses of morphometry at 4 wk, 8 wk, 12 wk after operation respectively. Results No obvious microscopic changes in middle cerebral arteries in the hypertensive group 4 weeks after operation. The media thickness and wall to lumen ratio of the hypertension group were higher than those of captopril and sham-operated groups(P<0.05). The ultrastructure of middle cerebral arteries show only mild abnormalities at 4 week. A moderate ultrastructural damages was shown at the end of week 8, with the intercellular space broadening and interstitial oedema. At the end of week 12, smooth muscle cell necrosis, interstitial hyperplasia and nuclear self-digestion was presented. The ultrastructure appearances in the captopril treated group were nearly normal. Conclusion Hypertension causes hypertrophy and ultrastructural damage in middle cerebral arteries; captopril prevent media hypertrophy of middle cerebral arteries in experimental hypertensive rats and protect the ultrastructure of vascular vessels.

关 键 词：肾血管性高血压 大脑中动脉 卡托普利 血管平滑肌细胞 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 动脉超微结构 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]