山区河流阶梯—深潭结构水力特征数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Characteristics for Step-pool in Mountain Stream

作　　者：刘娇[1] 漆力健[2] 余国安[3] 黄华东[1] 胡芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学土木建筑学院,重庆400074 [2]四川农业大学水利与建筑工程系,四川雅安625014 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2014年第6期90-93,48,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：四川省教育厅资助项目(12ZB306);国家自然科学基金项目(41001008)

摘　　要：为了探究阶梯—深潭结构在不同流量工况下的消能机理,采用紊流数值模拟方法分析研究了阶梯—深潭结构紊动能、紊动能耗散率、流场结构、潭底压力强度等主要水力参数。结果表明,随着流量的增大,平均紊动能耗散率不及平均紊动能增加速率快,验证了阶梯—深潭随着流量的增加消能率会有所下降;小流量工况下深潭内环流区明显,增大了水流滞留潭区时间,能量耗散效果较优;大流量工况下流量的增加促使结构发生自适应调整,水深加大,形成水垫及漩滚耗能,水流阻力增大且维持潭底压差分布趋于平稳,削弱了主流对河床的直接冲刷,有利于河床稳定。In order to explore energy dissipation mechanism of the step-pool under different flow conditions, this study adopts turbulent flow numerical simulation method to explore turbulence kinetic energy, turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, flow field structure and pressure distrihution in the pool bottom. The results show that the average turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate increase faster than the average turbulence kinetic energy with the increase of discharge, which proved that the step-pool energy dissipation decreases as the increase of discharge; under the condition of small flow, the circulation flow area is obvious and increases the time of retention in the pool, which is contribute to energy dissipation; under the condition of large discharge, step-pool can adjust structure to increase the water resistance, maintain steady pressure differential distribution and weaken the mainstream directly scour riverbed, which is advantageous to the stability of riverbed.

关 键 词：山区河流 阶梯—深潭结构 水力特征 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]