水下爆炸冲击下重力拱坝的破坏特性  

Failure Characteristics of Gravity Arch Dam Subjected to Underwater Explosion

作　　者：张社荣[1] 杨明[1] 王高辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2014年第7期69-73,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51379141);国家创新研究群体科学基金项目(51021004);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(13JCYBJC19400);水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室开放基金资助

摘　　要：为了了解重力拱坝在水下爆炸冲击荷载下的破坏模式,通过建立混凝土重力拱坝水下爆炸全耦合模型,考虑混凝土高应变率效应,对水下爆炸冲击下重力拱坝动态破坏过程进行了全性能数值仿真,针对重力拱坝的结构特性及受力特点,探讨了大坝在水下爆炸冲击荷载作用下的可能破坏模式及破坏机理。结果表明,重力拱坝抗爆薄弱部位主要位于坝体中上部,坝身下部抗爆性能较强;当炸药在拱冠梁处起爆时,表孔中墩及边墩发生冲切和震塌滑移破坏;当炸药在距右岸1/4拱圈处爆炸时,坝肩发生震塌破坏,影响坝肩抗滑稳定及坝体整体安全性。In order to understand the failure modes of concrete gravity arch dams subjected to underwater explosion shock loading, strain rate effect of concrete was taken into consideration in the establishment of gravity arch clam fully coupled model. Numerical simulation was conducted to study the dynamic failure process of tile dam when subjected to underwater explosion blast loading. The possible failure mode and corresponding failure mechanism of gravity arch dam are discussed on the basis of structural property and mechanical characteristic of the dam. It finds out that the gravity arch dam has both antiknock qualities of gravity dam and arch dam. The antiknock performance of the upper parl of the dam is very weak when the lower part is good at resisting the shock loading. Brittle punching at tbe central piers and damaged sliding at the abutment piers happen when the bomb explodes at the front of crown cantilever. When the bomb explodes at the location away from the right dam abutment one fuur arch ring, the dam abutment gets damaged, which makes heavy damage on the stability and safety of the gravity arch dam.

关 键 词：重力拱坝 水下爆炸 破坏模式 冲击荷载 全耦合模型 

分 类 号：TV642[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV312