深圳辖区内电镀企业主要职业病危害因素检测结果  

Detection results of major occupational hazard factors in electroplating enterprises in Shenzhen

作　　者：张胜 陈金茹 涂晓志 宾海华 何必隆 赵转地 徐新云[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市宝安区松岗预防保健所,518100 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第14期1895-1897,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(项目编号:201203304)

摘　　要：目的分析电镀企业的主要职业病危害因素的检测情况,为预防和控制电镀企业职业病危害,保护劳动者健康提供科学依据。方法调查深圳辖区内五金、塑胶件电镀企业15家,电子元器件、线路板电镀企业15家,对职业病危害因素进行采样检测。结果 30家电镀企业的硫酸、盐酸、氰化物、二氧化氮、氢氧化钠监测点合格率分别是95.6%、97.5%、90.0%、100%、96.7%,三氯乙烯、氯化锌、可溶性镍、铬酸盐、粉尘监测点合格率分别是63.9%、100%、100%、100%、100%,噪声和综合热指数(WBGT)监测点合格率分别是82.5%和85.0%。结论电子元器件和线路板电镀企业的自动化密闭化生产程度比较高,各类职业病危害因素的监测点合格率高于五金、塑胶件电镀企业。电镀企业采取自动密闭化作业能有效降低电镀作业场所空气中职业病危害因素浓度,有利于保护劳动者身体健康。[Objective]To analyze the major occupational hazard factors in electroplating enterprises,provide scientific basis for the occupational hazards prevention and control and the workers＇ health protection.[Methods]15 hardware and plastic parts electroplating enterprises and 15 electronic components and circuit board electroplating enterprises were investigated,the occupational hazard factors were detected. [Results]The qualified rates of sulfuric acid,hydrochloric acid,cyanide,sodium hydroxide in 30 electroplating enterprises were 95. 6%,97. 5%,90. 0%,100% and 96. 7%. The qualified rates of trichlorethylene,zinc chloride,soluble nickel,chromate,dust were 63. 9%,100%,100%,100% and 100%. The qualified rates of noise and heat index（ WBGT） were 91.9% and 85.0%. [Conclusion]The electroplating enterprises of electronic components and circuit boards have higher degree of automated and closed production,and the qualified rates of occupational hazard factors were higher than that of metal and plastic electroplating enterprises. Application of automated and closed operations in electroplating enterprises can effectively reduce the concentration of occupational hazard factors in workplace air,and protect the health of workers.

关 键 词：电镀 职业卫生 职业危害 监测 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]