跨行政区水污染治理中“公地的悲剧”——基于我国主要湖泊和水库的研究  

“Tragedy of the Commons”in the Management of Cross-jurisdiction Water Pollution:Evidence from Chinese Lakes and Reservoirs

作　　者：高翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学财经学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2014年第4期21-29,共9页China Economic Studies

摘　　要：跨行政区水污染治理问题是我国环境治理中的一项重要难题,现有文献对此问题缺乏较为深入的理论分析,也没有系统的定量研究分析跨行政区这一因素对水资源保护的影响。基于公共物品、"搭便车"和集体行动等理论本文从经济学角度分析了跨行政区水污染治理问题,并使用41个可以获得较完整数据的主要湖泊和水库作为样本,实证检验了水资源周边涉及的行政区数量对湖泊水质的影响。基本结论是湖泊或水库周边每增加一个地级市,水质会变差一个等级,而没有发现县级行政区的数量会产生明显作用。Management of cross-jurisdiction water pollution is an important issue of environmental protection in China. Yet, very little literature has been devoted to the theoretical analysis or empirical investigation of this topic. This paper studies this problem from the perspective based on theories about public goods, free-riding, and collective action, using water quality data collected from 41 major lakes and reservoirs in China to empirically test how a lake or reservoir＇s water quality changes a- long with the number of jurisdictions governing the lake or reservoir. The finding is that one additional prefecture level jurisdic- tion will worsen the water quality by one grade based on the six-grade water quality system, but no evidence indicates that the number of county level jurisdictions has any significant impact on water quality.

关 键 词：水污染 跨界环境治理 公共物品 “搭便车”行为 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]