患者输血前感染性指标检测的结果分析  

Analysis of infectious indicators test results before blood transfusion

作　　者：朴英玉[1] 金仁顺[2] 金玉顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学附属医院输血科,吉林延吉133000 [2]延边大学附属医院病理科,吉林延吉133000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第13期3357-3358,3367,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：吉林省教育厅重点研究基金项目(611010055)

摘　　要：目的对临床输血前的主要感染性指标进行检测,并对其结果进行分析研究,为临床治疗的制定提供参考依据。方法连续收集2012年1月-12月入住医院需要行输血治疗的患者5128例,对所有患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,空腹抽取的肘静脉血进行乙型肝炎五项、丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)、梅毒(抗-TP)及抗-HIV感染性指标进行检测;采用SPSS12.0软件对资料进行统计分析。结果 5 128例患者中HBV阳性675例,阳性率13.16%,其中HBsAg+、抗-HBe、抗-HBc最高,共276例阳性率5.38%,抗-HCV 97例阳性率1.89%,抗-TP 41例阳性率0.80%,抗-HIV 1例阳性率0.02%;O型血患者出现感染性指标阳性的风险比较高,其次为AB型血,B型患者发生风险最小;不同血型之间患者输血前HBV阳性、抗-HCV阳性、抗-TP阳性及抗-HIV阳性比较差异无统计学意义。结论输血前乙型肝炎五项、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV进行检测及时了解患者的感染情况,使医护人员可以加强自我保护意识,同时减少了医院感染及输血感染的发生,对保护患者、医疗机构、供血单位、医院感染控制具有重要意义。OBJECTIVE To test the main infectious indicators before clinical blood transfusion, and study and ana- lyze the results so as to provide reference for establishing clinical treatment strategies. METHODS A total of 5128 cases of hospitalized patients needing blood transfusion therapy from Jan to Dec 2012 were continuously collected, and the clinical data of all patients were retrospectively analyzed; the five serological markers of hepatitis B, anti- body to Hepatitis C（anti-HCV）, syphilis（anti-TP） and anti-HIV were tested with the venous fasting blood; SPSS 12.0 software was adopted for the statistical analysis of data. RESULTS Totally, 675 of the 5128 cases of patients suffered HBV infection, accounting for 13. 16% ; thereinto, 276 cases of patients suffered HBsAg＋, anti-HBe and anti-HBc infection, accounting for the highest percentage of 5.38%; 97 cases of patients suffered anti-HCV infection, accounting for 1.89% ; 41 cases of patients suffered anti-TP infection, accounting for 0.80% ; 1 case of patient suffered anti-HIV 1, accounting for 0.02%; O-type blood patients had high risk of presenting infectious indicators positive, followed by AB-type blood patients; B-type blood patients had the lowest risk; there was no significant difference between the HBV positive, anti-HCV positive, anti-TP positive and anti-HIV positive of dif- ferent blood types of patients before blood transfusion. CONCLUSION Testing the five serological markers of hepa- titis B, anti-HCV, anti-TP, anti-HIV and timely understanding of the patients＂ infection situation, can enhance the self-protection awareness of medical workers and at the same time reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and transfusiofi infection, which were of great importance to protect the patients, medical institute, and blood supply units and to control nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：输血 乙型肝炎 丙型肝炎 梅毒 人类免疫缺陷病毒 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]