中国牛海绵状脑病风险评估简报  

Risk Assessment on Chinese Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy

作　　者：沈朝建[1] 宋建德[1] 刘雨田[1] 刘拥军[1] 杨楠[1] 王幼明[1] 魏荣[1] 郑增忍[1] 王志亮[1] 黄保续[1] 马洪超[1] 陈国胜[2] 宋俊霞[2] 蔺东[2] 颜起斌 赵晓丹[2] 候玉慧 李长友[2] 张仲秋[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032 [2]农业部兽医局,北京100125

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2014年第7期20-24,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：为进一步完善疯牛病风险防范工作,保护养牛业健康和公共卫生安全,促进牛及其产品国际贸易,按照国际动物卫生组织关于疯牛病风险评估步骤、内容、原则和要求,对我国疯牛病风险状况进行评估。传入风险方面,2006—2012年间,我国共进口反刍动物源性肉骨粉、牛羊脂肪、活牛、油渣、牛内脏等风险产品分别为539209吨、2194135吨、393974头、20872吨、41570吨,均来自未发生疯牛病或疯牛病风险可忽略国家或地区,同时从26个国家和地区进口其他配制的动物饲料535072吨,均不含有反刍动物源性成分;暴露风险方面,我国实施了完全饲料禁令政策,禁止在反刍动物饲料中使用动物源性成分,制定了完善的防止动物源性物质进入反刍动物饲料链的法律法规体系并得到有效执行,结合我国牛群结构、饲养方式及传统的社会消费习惯,判断反刍动物源性物质进入我国牛群生产体系且循环的可能性极低;BSE监测与监视方面,我国将疯牛病列为一类强制性报告疫病,通过大量宣传培训工作确保了监测体系发现疯牛病病例的敏感性,连续13年开展疯牛病监测没有发现病例,近7年监测分值达43.5万分,超过OIE规定的标准。综合评估认为,我国已经达到了OIE规定的疯牛病最低风险等级——风险可忽略国家标准。To further improve the BSE risk prevention, protect the health of cattle industry and the public health security, and promote the international trade of cattle and its products, Chinese BSE risk status has been assessed according to the steps, content,principles and requirements of the BSE risk assessment stipulated by 《OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code》. In respect of entry risk, from 2006 to 2012, 539209 tons of ruminant origin MBM, 2194135 tons of ruminant origin tallow, 393974 heads of live cattle, 20872 tons of greaves, 41570 tons of beef offals, etc. risk products which are all from BSE-free countris or regions or with BSE neglegible status, are imported into our country. At the same time, 535072 tons of other formulated feed,all of which are free from the ruminant origin ingredients, are imported from 26 countris; about exposure risk, our country implemented a complete feed ban policy which it is prohibited to add animal derived materials in the ruminant feed and use animal derived feeds to feed ruminant animals, and the thorough legal system which prevent animal origin material into the ruminant feed chain were formulated and implemented effectively, in combination with cattle structure, producing patterns and traditional dietary habits, it＇s judged that the probability of the ruminant origin material into the ruminant feed chain and circulation in China is extremely low; for BSE surveillance and monitor, our country classifi ed BSE as compulsory notifi able Category I animal disease and had conducted a set of awareness education and training activities targeting for BSE, which ensure the sensitivity of the BSE surveillance fi nding the BSE case. The 13 years on-going surveillance didn＇t fi nd the BSE case and the point value of 7 consecutive years from 2006 to 2012 BSE surveillance accumulated to 435 thounds and exceeded the target value of OIE negligible BSE risk status. It is concluded that China has met all OIE requirement for negligible BSE risk country.

关 键 词：牛海绵状脑病 风险评估 风险可忽略 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]