乙醇浓度及处理时间对土壤消毒效果的影响  

Effect of the Concentration of Ethanol Solutions and Processing Time on Fusarium oxysporumand Phytophthora capsici in Biological Soil Disinfection Using Ethanol

作　　者：毕舒童[1] 周清[1] 李国铭[1] 张吉[1] 杜二威 申容子 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农业部设施农业生物环境工程重点开放实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第13期172-176,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-25-D-04)

摘　　要：采用不同浓度的乙醇溶液处理土壤,研究了浓度及处理时间对土壤中2种土传病原尖孢镰刀菌和辣椒疫霉菌消毒效果的影响。结果表明:乙醇溶液浓度对消毒结果有较大影响,在处理5、10、15、20、25d时,1.0%、2.0%、3.0%浓度乙醇溶液处理组2种病菌数量均少于对照组和0%浓度组,处理组和对照组显著性差异水平达到了极显著,且乙醇溶液浓度为3%时,消毒效果最好。乙醇处理时间对消毒效果也有较大影响,对尖孢镰刀菌来说,处理20d后的效果最好,抑制率达到了最大值,3.0%浓度组为92%,2.0%浓度组为82%,1.0%浓度组为67%;对辣椒疫霉菌来说,处理15d时效果最好,抑制率达到了最大值,3.0%浓度组为83%,2.0%浓度组为78%,1.0%浓度组为62%。Soil were sprayed by different concentration of ethanol to study the effect of the concentration of ethanol solution and processing time on two soil-borne pathogens,Fusarium oxysporumand Phytophthora capsici.The results showed that ethanol solutions all had significantly suppression on the Fusarium oxysporumand Phytophthora capsici in soil.The numbers of the two pathogens detected in 1.0%,2.0%,3.0% were less than the control group as well as the0%concentration group at the time of 5,10,15,20,25dand the differences reached a highly significant level.The numbers of the pathogens were the least in 3.0%concentration group.The processing time also had important effect.It was the best for Fusarium oxysporumafter 20days that the inhibition rate reached the maximum value,which were92%,82%,67%for 3.0%,2.0%,1.0%concentration group respectively.It was the best for Phytophthora capsici after20days that the inhibition rate reached the maximum value,which were 83%,78%,62%for 3.0%,2.0%,1.0%concentration group respectively.

关 键 词：乙醇 土壤消毒 土传病原 

分 类 号：S472[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]