食用菌菌渣基础特性分析  

The Basic Properties of the Edible Fungi Residue

作　　者：周亚红[1,2] 郝刚立[1] 陈康[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄经济学院水资源与环境学院,石家庄050031 [2]河北省水资源可持续利用与开发重点实验室,石家庄050031

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第9期2009-2012,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划项目(2010CB428805);国家自然科学基金项目(41172212);河北省科技厅计划项目(12273303)

摘　　要：分别采集了不同养殖基地的姬菇、白菇、黑菇、灰菇等食用菌的10种菌渣,对样品中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、有机碳、全磷、全钾、钙、镁、灰分,铬、铅、砷、汞、镉等指标进行测定,研究菌渣的基础特性及污染特征。结果表明,有机碳与灰分之间,有机碳与粗纤维之间以及灰分与粗纤维之间的相关系数分别为0.97、0.96和0.97,相关极显著(P<0.01);除此之外汞与总磷及铅之间也分别具有良好的相关性。这种指标间良好的相关性值得对有机碳、粗纤维、灰分、汞、磷等的转移途径、转移量做进一步的研究,以期能够降低菌渣中各组分的含量,实现更大的生物转化率,进而达到减少环境固体废物污染的目的。样本中残留的重金属的研究结果表明菌渣并不适宜用作饲料,铅、镉、汞等多种重金属均超过饲料卫生标准。10 samples from the residue of Pleurotus cornucopiae,Russula lacteal, Russula atropurpurea and Secotium agaricoides in several different breeding bases were collected and the physical and chemical indexes including crude protein,crude fat, crude fiber, organic carbon, total phosphorus, total potassium, calcium, magnesium, pH, crude ash, chromium,lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium were determined. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to characterize the basic properties and contamination properties of the edible fungi residue. The results showed that organic carbon and crude ash（r=0.97,P〈0.01）,the organic carbon and crude fiber（r=0.96, P〈0.01）, and the organic carbon and crude fiber（r=0.97, P〈0.01） were strongly correlated. Hg was well correlated with total phosphorus and Pb. The significant correlation between the indexes showed that the transferring way and quantity of the indexes were worth while to be further researched to reduce their contents in the fungi residue and achieve greater biological conversion rate, which may help achieve the purpose of reducing environmental pollution by solid waste. It is indicated that the edible fungi residue is not suitable to be used as feed because the lead, cadmium, mercury and other heavy metals exceed hygiene standards.

关 键 词：食用菌菌渣 基础特性 相关系数 重金属 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]