广州市主要蔬菜用水量及水分利用效率测定分析  

Determination of Water Consumption and Water Use Efficiency for Main Vegetables in Guangzhou City

作　　者：王宁[1] 黄子彬 

机构地区：[1]广东省水文局广州水文分局,广东广州510150 [2]广东河海工程咨询有限公司,广东广州510610

出　　处：《广东水利水电》2014年第4期39-41,共3页Guangdong Water Resources and Hydropower

摘　　要：以广州市主要蔬菜种类菜豆、青花菜、福田菜心、大白菜和西葫芦为对象,用测墒灌溉和传统沟灌2种方法进行蔬菜需水规律和用水定额测定试验研究。结果表明,两种灌溉方法对蔬菜的用水量和水分利用效益产生影响程度不同。测墒灌溉处理平均用水量为9.0 m3/(hm2·d),比沟灌处理平均用水量10.7 m3/(hm2·d),平均节约16.0%。测墒灌溉处理的该5种蔬菜的水分利用效率均有大幅提高,分别比传统沟灌增加76.8%、70.2%、81.8%、73.2%、373.2%。同时测墒灌溉处理能促进蔬菜生长,减轻病虫害发生,不同程度提高了各种蔬菜的产量。试验为广州市主要蔬菜品种灌溉用水定额的测定及菜田农业用水量的计算提供了参考依据,为不同蔬菜品种和不同栽培方式的灌溉用水量及其相关水利建设提供了科学依据。Five main vegetables in Guangzhou：bean, broccoli, cabbage, Chinese cabbage and squash have been chosen to do ex-periments .Vegetable water requirement regulation and water -use quota has been researched by using the measured soil moisture ir-rigation and traditional irrigation .It is shown that the two irrigation methods have different influences on vegetable water consumption and water use efficiency .The average water consumption of measured soil moisture irrigation is 9.0m3/hm2 o d, which is 16.0%less than the average water consumption of furrow irrigation of 10.7m3/hm2 o d.The five vegetable＆#39;s entropy has significant im-provement after the first method processing .The average savings were 70.2%, 81.8%, 76.8%, 373.2%and 73.2%.At the same time, measured moisture irrigation treatment can promote the growth of vegetables , reduce the occurrence of pests and dis-eases, and increase the yield of vegetables .The experiment provides important references to determine water -use quota and agri-cultural water consumption .

关 键 词：测墒灌溉 蔬菜用水量 水分利用效率 分析 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]