脓毒症分子机制及miRNA在脓毒症中的作用  

Molecular Mechanisms of Sepsis and the Role of miRNA in Sepsis

作　　者：张泽信[1] 王晓霞[1] 杨湾湾 张二飞[1] 侯立朝[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学附属西京医院麻醉科,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2014年第22期4377-4381,共5页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81171839)

摘　　要：脓毒症是外科重症监护病房(ICU)的主要死亡原因。近年来其发病呈上升趋势,且住院费用极昂贵,并缺乏有效的救治手段,已成为重症医学研究的重点。目前,关于脓毒症的发病机制并不清楚。研究表明,细胞内及细胞间多种信号通路如核因子κB(NF-κB)通路、丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶(MAPK)通路、JAK激酶/信号转导和转录激活子(JAK/STAT)通路、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K/Akt)通路、胆碱能抗炎通路等及其下游的分子都参与脓毒症的发生发展。微小RNA(miRNA)作为小分子非编码RNA,通过转录后水平抑制靶基因的表达而参与细胞的多种过程。miRNA可以调控免疫细胞的分化及免疫反应,其不仅可以直接调控炎症因子的表达,还可作用于炎症信号传导通路的其他关键分子而间接调控脓毒症的发生发展。因此深入研究miRNA在脓毒症中的调节作用,可能为脓毒症的预防和治疗开拓新的思路。本文就参与脓毒症的信号通路及其下游分子以及miRNA进行总结,以利于进一步阐明脓毒症的病理生理机制,为脓毒症的预防和治疗找到合理有效的切入点。Sepsis is a major cause of death in surgical ICU. In recent years, sepsis has a upward trend in the incidence and hospital costs very expensive, and the lack of effective treatment methods, therefore, it has become the focus of intensive medical research. Currently, the pathogenesis of sepsis is not clear. Studies have shown that a variety of intracellular and intercellular signaling pathways and its downstream molecules are involved in the development of sepsis, these signaling pathways include nuclear factor- κB（NF-κB） pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） pathway, JAK kinase / signal transducer and activator of transcription（JAK/ STAT） pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K/Akt） pathway, cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and so on. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs and they negatively regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally to regulate many cellular processes, Evidences suggest that miRNAs can control the differentiation of immune cells and immune responses. miRNAs can not only regulate the expression of inflammatory factors directly, but also act on other key molecules in inflammation signal transduction pathways to regulate the development of sepsis indirectly, in-depth study the role of miRNA in sepsis, new ideas of the prevention and treatment of sepsis may be developed. This article summarized the signaling pathways and its downstream factors and miRNA molecules involved in sepsis, in order to further elucidate the pathophysiology of sepsis, to find a reasonable starting point for the effective prevention and treatment of sepsis.

关 键 词：脓毒症 炎症 信号通路 MIRNA 

分 类 号：R631[医药卫生—外科学]