社会学是如何证明“受害”的——饭岛伸子的SMON药害调查  

How Sociology Proves “Victim″ of Public Hazards:On Nobuko Lijima's Survey of SMON Victims

作　　者：友泽悠季 高娜[2] 

机构地区：[1]日本京都大学 [2]东南大学社会学系

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第2期40-51,共12页Journal of Nanjing Tech University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：本文通过追溯日本公害和环境问题研究的先行者之一饭岛伸子的学术形成史,尝试回答对环境社会学而言何为"受害"。饭岛伸子最初从事研究时,社会学界尚未形成关注"受害"的方法论。她对"受害"的发现及具体论述分为三个阶段:在大学与"现代技术史研究会"之间穿梭的时期、SMON药害患者调查时期以及20世纪90年代"环境社会学"制度化以后的理论拓展时期。作为日本环境社会学初期的理论成果,饭岛伸子的"受害结构分析"适用范围容易被认为仅限于已发生的公害和环境问题,但是从她描写的"受害"中的"不可视"部分特别是支撑生活的家庭关系中存在的痛苦,可以看到"加害"与"受害"的交错。这一视角对于那些身体损害尚未凸显以及不具有区域限定性的潜在性公害和环境问题而言,同样具有分析效力。Based on a retrospection on the academic study of Nobuko Lijima,one of the pioneers in Japan to research on public hazards and environmental problems,the paper tries to define ″victims″ in environmental sociology. When Nobuko Iijima started the related research,sociology has not yet formed methodology concerning ″victims″ of public hazards. Her academic studies on ″victims″ can be briefly divided into three stages： the period when she shuttled between the university and ″Research Institute of Modern Technology History ″,her investigation over SMON victims,and her theoretical development in the 1990s after ″environmental sociology ″ was institutionalized. As early theoretical results of environmental sociology in Japan,Nobuko＇s ″victim structural analysis″ is often considered to confine to the pollution and environmental problems that have already occurred. However,the paper holds that from her description of the ″invisible″ part of ″victims″,especially their pain in family relationships,we can see the intertwined ″harm″ and ″ victim″. This perspective highlights its analytical validity to those unrevealed physical harm,and potential pollution and environmental problems without a region limit.

关 键 词：公害 受害 受害者 社会性灾害 饭岛伸子 环境问题 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]