水稻矮脆突变体dwf1的特性与基因定位  

Genetic Analysis and Fine-Mapping of a Dwarf and Fragile Mutant dwf1 in Rice

作　　者：吴国超[1] 桑贤春[1] 马娇[1] 朱小燕[1] 任德勇[1] 郭爽[1] 蒋钰东[1] 杨正林[1] 凌英华[1] 何光华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学水稻研究所/转基因植物与安全控制重庆市重点实验室,重庆400716

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2014年第4期795-801,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金："863"(2011AA10A100);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD35B02-05);重庆市攻关项目

摘　　要：矮脆突变体dwf1(dwarf and fragile 1)来源于EMS诱变处理的籼型恢复系缙恢10号,主要表现为根、茎、叶、叶鞘、子粒等器官特别脆,同时植株变矮、叶片披垂。株高、穗长、结实率、节间长以及千粒重有不同程度降低,细胞壁中纤维素和木质素含量下降、半纤维素含量增加,机械强度下降。茎秆表面锯齿状突起尖锐,薄壁细胞较野生型小、细胞大小不一致、排列紊乱,细胞形状不规则、长度稍有变短。该突变性状受一对隐性核基因控制,位于第9染色体上标记Ind6与Ind4之间,dwf1相对于野生型在LOC_Os09g25490第7外显子上有一个碱基的错义突变,导致氨基酸由半胱氨酸突变为精氨酸,该突变发生在基因的高度保守区域内。dwf1对深入研究水稻变矮变脆机制具有重要意义。A dwarf and fragile mutant temporarily designated as dwf1 was screened out in the progeny of an excellent indica restorer line Jinhui 10 with seeds treated by ethyl methane sulfonate（ EMS）. As compared with the wild type,its plant height was shorter with drooping leaves,the roots,stems,leaves,and grains of dwf1 displayed extremely brittle during its whole growth period. Agronomic traits such as plant height,panicle length,seed setting rate,internode length,and 1000-grain weight was lower at different degrees than those of the wild type. Comparing of the mechanical strength between dwf1 and Jinhui 10 showed that dwf1 mechanical strength obviously decreased. Moreover,cellulose and lignin content in dwf1 cell wall decreased,hemicellulose content increased,and silicate content had no significant difference. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the mutational characters were controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. A single base missense mutation arised on the seventh extron of DWF1 gene（ LOC_Os09g25490） in dwf1 compared with the wild type,resulting in an amino acid change from cysteine to arginine. Homologous comparison revealed that this mutation occurred in highly conserved region of DWF1 gene. These results of dwf1 contributed to mutational mechanism research of rice dwarf and brittle mutants.

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza SATIVA L.) dwf1突变体 矮秆 脆秆 基因定位 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]