邓小平与中美科技合作的开展（1977～1979年）  

Deng Xiaoping and the Development of Sino-US Scientific and Technologic Cooperation(1977~1979)

作　　者：张静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校中共党史教研部

出　　处：《当代中国史研究》2014年第3期14-23,125,共10页Contemporary China History Studies

基　　金：2014年中共中央党校中国马克思主义研究基金会青年项目资助课题<改革开放中的美国因素(1976~1980)研究>成果之一

摘　　要：粉碎"四人帮"后,现代化重新成为中国社会主义建设的目标,学习、引进世界先进科学技术成为实现现代化的重要途径。美国拥有先进的科学技术,但中美两国未建交的政治状态限制了科技合作的开展。就职之初,美国总统卡特对两国贸易的关注超过了关系正常化,而邓小平等中国领导人则始终坚持优先与建交国家发展贸易。1978年,随着中国大举引进西方技术和设备,将中美贸易同政治关系"挂钩"的策略作用显现:受科技合作潜藏的商贸利润刺激,卡特最终决定,在两国建交谈判的同时开展科技合作。1979年1月31日,邓小平与卡特签署两国政府间第一个正式合作协定——《中华人民共和国政府和美利坚合众国政府科学技术合作协定》。中美科技合作给美国带来了巨大的商业利润,而引进世界先进科技也推动了中国对外开放的进程及中美政治关系的发展。After crushing the "Gang of Four",modernization became the target of China's socialist construction again and learning and introducing world advanced science and technology became an important way to achieve modernization.The United States have advanced science and technology,but the political status without establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries had restricted the development of their scientific and technological cooperation.At the beginning of President Jimmy Carter' s inauguration he focused on bilateral trade more than developing the normalization of relations,but Deng Xiaoping and other Chinese leaders always gave priority to the trade development with the countries having diplomatic relations.In 1978,with China's large-scale introduction of technology and equipment from the west,the strategy of linking Sino-US trade and political relations played its role:for the hidden trade profit incentives from science and technology cooperation Carter finally decided to establish diplomatic relations between the two countries and carry out scientific and technological cooperation at the same time.On January 31,1979,Deng Xiaoping and Jimmy Carter signed the first official inter-governmental cooperation agreement— "The governments' Scientific and Technological Cooperative Agreement between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America".Sino-US scientific and technologic cooperation brought huge commercial profits to the United States,and the introduction of world advanced technology also promoted the process of China's opening-up and the development of Sino-US political relations.

关 键 词：中美科技合作 改革开放 邓小平 卡特 

分 类 号：G322.9[文化科学] A76[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]