论蒙古游牧封建制的特点  

On the Characteristics of Nomadic Feudalism of Mongolia

作　　者：杨强[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《学术探索》2014年第8期76-82,共7页Academic Exploration

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(10CFX010)

摘　　要：从成吉思汗建立蒙古帝国,游牧封建制在蒙古社会延续了700多年,与西欧和中国内地的封建制度相比,蒙古游牧封建制既具有共性,又有其独特的个性。其主要特征表现为横向上整个社会分封为不同的单元,从纵向上看整个社会划分不同的等级,不同等级的阶级之间以"阿勒巴"为纽带联结在一起;同时,由于宗教因素和蒙古民族对成吉思汗的崇拜,蒙古封建制又具有汗权传承的单一性的特点。通过对蒙古游牧封建制的研究,不仅可以了解蒙古历史的发展,也可以了解游牧社会历史发展的特点和规律。Since Genghis Khan built Mongolian Empire, nomadic feudalism had existed for more than 700 years in the Mongolian society. Compared with the feudal system of Western Europe and China inland, Mongolian nomadic feudalism not only had some common features, but had its own unique characteristics. Its main features go as following： the society as a whole was divided into different units by horizontal style ; and in terms of vertical aspect, the society was divided into different levels, which were connected together by ＂alba＂ as a link. Meanwhile, because of religious factors and the Mongolia national worship of the Genghis Khan, Mongolia feudalism had the characteristic of the Khan power inheritance. Through the research of Mongolia nomadic feudalism, we can learn about the development of Mongolia history as well as the features and rules of nomadic society.

关 键 词：蒙古族 封建制度 游牧社会 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]