风轮固有振动频率随工况变化的响应特性  

Research on Response Characteristic of Natural Frequency Changing with Working Condition of Wind Wheel

作　　者：马剑龙[1,2] 汪建文[1,2] 魏海娇 董波[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [2]风能太阳能利用技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2014年第3期508-515,592,共8页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51346006);内蒙古自然科学重大基金资助项目(2012ZD08);内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目(2013MS0726);内蒙古工业大学科研基金资助项目(X201218)

摘　　要：为了获得风轮1,2阶振动频率随工况变化的敏感性,寻找风力机避振设计的主要途径及准确判别风力机发生疲劳损伤或断裂事故的主要诱因,利用流固耦合分析方法,针对某小型水平轴风力机风轮进行数值模态分析,分别获得了风轮1,2阶振动频率随来流风速和离心力变化的响应曲线,并用试验验证了数值计算结果的可靠性。研究结果表明:离心力对风轮动态振动频率的影响较气动载荷显著;风轮1阶对称振动频率随工况变化最为敏感,其触发的振动应力大于风轮其他1,2阶振动应力,是风轮结构动力学特性设计中最值得关注的参数;风轮1阶动频随气动载荷变化的生长规律呈二次方曲线形式,2阶动频随气动载荷变化的生长规律呈线性。The sensitivity of the 1-order and 2-order vibration frequency of the wind wheel changing with the working conditions should be found in order to discover the main way of the anti-vibration design of the wind turbine,and how to distinguish the major incentive of the fatigue damage accident and the blade fracture accident.The response curve of the 1-order and the 2-order vibration frequency changing with wind velocity and centrifugal force were found by the numerical modal analysis and the experimental verification of the wind wheel about a small horizontal axis wind turbine based on fluid structure interaction analysis.The results show that the impact of the centrifugal force on the dynamic vibration frequency of the wind wheel was more significant than that of the aerodynamic load,and that the 1-order symmetry vibration frequency should be the most noteworthy parameter in the design of the structural dynamics characteristics of the wind wheel,since it was the most sensitive to change in the working conditions and its trigger was greater than the other stresses of the 1-order and 2-order vibration stress.The study also finds that the growth pattern of the 1-order vibration frequency changing with the aerodynamic load was quadratic,while that of the 2-order vibration frequency was linear.

关 键 词：风力机 风轮 固有频率 工况变化 响应特性 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程] TH11[机械工程—机械设计及理论]