妊娠糖尿病对子代心脏的影响  

Effect on Fetal Heart of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

作　　者：马若嘉 仇小强[2] 

机构地区：[1]桂林医学院,广西桂林541004 [2]广西医科大学

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2014年第19期150-153,共4页Medical Innovation of China

基　　金：广西自然科学基金重点项目(2010GXNSFD013054)

摘　　要：妊娠糖尿病(GDM)是妊娠期间首次发现的糖尿病,不包括妊娠前已有糖尿病的孕妇,占妊娠合并糖尿病的80%左右。GDM是一种发生在妊娠中晚期的高危妊娠,由各种原因引起的胰岛素分泌不足或胰岛素抵抗所致的妊娠期特有的疾病。母体内的高血糖通过胎盘进入胎儿体内,促使胎儿胰岛B细胞增生肥大,分泌大量胰岛素,导致胎儿高胰岛素血症,宫内窘迫、胎死宫内、羊水过多、早产、难产等不良妊娠结局。胎儿体内高血糖和高胰岛素血症作用于心脏,引起心肌细胞增生肥大,导致胎儿心脏在结构和功能上发生改变,由此影响胎儿整体的生理功能。近年来随着妊娠糖尿病的发病率逐年增高,妊娠糖尿病引起的子代心脏缺陷的越来越受到重视,故本文就妊娠糖尿病对胎儿心脏的影响作一综述。Gestational diabetes meilltus is a condition in which without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose level during pregnancy, except pregestational diabetes or gestational impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes meilltus accounts for more than 80%. GDM is one of the high risk pregancy during the third trimester caused by abnormal insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Maternal high blood glyucose through the placenta into the fetus in the womb, prompting fetal islet B cell proliferous hypertrophy, secrete large amounts of insulin, and lead to fetal hyperinsulinemia intrauterine distress, fetal intrauterine, hydramnios, preterm birth, dystocia and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in the fetus cause myocardial cell proliferous hypertrophy, induce fetal heart on structure and function change, thus affecting the overall physiological function. In recent years, with the incidence of gestational diabetes increased, fetus heart defects caused by GDM has been taken more and more seriously, so this paper summarizes the influence on fetal heart of gestational diabetes.

关 键 词：妊娠高血糖 胎儿 心脏 凋亡 氧化应激 

分 类 号：R714.2[医药卫生—妇产科学]