增强型纤维素中空纤维膜的研究  

Study on reinforced cellulose hollow fiber membranes

作　　者：凡祖伟[1] 肖长发[1] 黄庆林[1] 张旭良[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学中空纤维膜材料与膜过程省部共建国家重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《功能材料》2014年第11期11132-11136,11139,共6页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2012CB722706);国家自然科学基金资助项目(21274109)

摘　　要：采用二维编织技术将二醋酸长丝制成中空管状编织物,以NMMO/DMSO混合物为溶剂,以水溶性聚合物为成孔剂,调制浓度为4%(质量分数)的纤维素铸膜液,采用共挤出纺丝技术制备了以中空管状编织物为增强体、纤维素为表面分离层的增强型纤维素中空纤维膜(RC膜)。研究结果表明,混合溶剂中DMSO的加入降低了铸膜液黏度,提高了膜的纯水通量;随凝固浴温度提高,表面分离层中海绵状孔结构变得松散,膜的纯水通量提高,向凝固浴中加入DMSO对膜通透性能的影响相对较小;从改善膜的通透性角度出发,添加成孔剂聚乙二醇优于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;RC膜的力学性能在很大程度上取决于增强体;为保持增强体与表面分离层之间较好的界面结合状态,膜应在湿态下保存。Reinforced cellulose hollow fiber membranes（ RC membranes） which contained hollow tubular braids reinforcement and cellulose separation surface were prepared by the co-extrusion spinning technique. The hollow tubular braids were prepared by the two-dimensional braided technique using diacetate filaments. The separation surface was obtained from 4wt% cellulose dope with NMMO /DMSO mixture as the solvent and water-soluble polymer as the pore-forming agent. The results showed that the viscosity of the dope was decreased with the addition of DMSO and the membrane pure water flux increased. With the increase of the coagulant temperature,the sponge-like pore structure in the separation surface became more loose and the membrane pure water flux increased,and the addition of DMSO into coagulation bath had a lesser impact on the membrane permeability. From the view of improving the membrane permeability,the addition of polyethylene glycol was superior to polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The mechanical property of RC membranes depended largely on the reinforcement. In order to keep well interfacial bonding state between the reinforcement and the separation surface,the membranes should be saved in wet condition.

关 键 词：中空管状编织物 纤维素 混合溶剂 增强型中空纤维膜 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业] TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]