地气测量技术及在隐伏矿找矿中的应用研究  

Application Research of Geogas Survey in Prospecting Concealed Ore

作　　者：周四春[1] 刘晓辉[1] 童纯菡[1] 胡波[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学核技术与自动化工程学院,成都610059

出　　处：《地质学报》2014年第4期736-754,共19页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"深部探测技术与实验研究专项SinoProbe"第3项目"深部矿产资源立体探测技术及实验研究"第1课题(SinoProbe-301);国家自然科学基金项目(41074094);四川省教育厅自然科学基金重点项目(10ZA118);成都理工大学"核安全工程创新团队计划"(KYTD201105)联合资助的成果

摘　　要：通过铅锌矿地气模型模拟研究了地气流作用下,成矿元素及围岩中多种元素的迁移现象及规律。实验结果表明:铅锌矿的成矿元素Pb、Zn因迁出率大,伴生元素Cu、Mo、Au因迁出比大,可以在矿体上方形成易识别的地气异常,适合作为指矿元素。围岩对矿体中元素迁移存在复杂影响,但不会掩盖指矿元素形成的地气异常。在粤北隐伏花岗岩铀矿、桂北隐伏锌铜矿、湘南坪宝地区先后开展了地气测量探测隐伏金属矿研究及应用。根据室内实验及多个矿区、不同矿种上开展地气探测工作的成果,对地气法探测隐伏金属矿的有效性、地气场所包含的找矿与地质信息、地气测量的有效探测深度及地气异常与矿体的空间关联性、地表影响等问题进行了分析讨论。获取的资料表明:隐伏金属矿正上方均有成矿主元素及一批共(伴)生元素形成的地气异常;这种异常随矿体埋深增大,其幅度不是降低而是增大;地气法探测隐伏金属矿的有效深度可以达到千米尺度;地表污染不会对地气测量产生影响。A series of geogas models were built to study the transportation phenomenon and regularity ofore-forming elements in lead-zinc ore and several elements in surrounding rock under the action of ascending geogas flows.The experimental results indicate that the ore-forming elements of lead-zinc ore,Pb and Zn, have high transportation rate, and the associated elements, including Cu, Mo, Au, have high transportation ratio.These elements are suitable as indicator elements of lead-zinc ore,because their transportation can form recognizable geogas anomaly above concealed orebody.The surrounding rock forms a complex influence on elements transportation from orebody,but which can’t cover up the geogas anomaly formed by indicator elements. A number of studies and application of geogas survey for prospecting concealed ore body were carried out respectively in three area,including a concealed granite-type uranium deposit in northern Guangdong province,a concealed zinc copper deposit in northern Guangxi province and Huangshaping-Baoshan lead-zinc deposit area in south Hunan province. According to laboratory experimental results and prospecting achievement of geogas survey on several mining areas and different mine types,a series of problems were analyzed and discussed,such as the effectiveness and effective detecting depth of geogas survey for prospecting concealed ore,the prospecting and geological information in geogas field,the spatial correlation between geogas anomaly and concealed orebody,the influence factors from ground surface.The acquired data shows that there are identifiable geogas anomalies of maj or ore-forming elements and several associated elements in ground surface above the concealed orebody.With increasing buried depth of orebody,the anomalous amplitude of geogas doesn’t lower but increases.The effective detecting depth of geogas survey for prospecting concealed orebody can reach a great depth of a thousand meter scale.The pollution from ground surface can’t affect geogas survey.

关 键 词：地气测量 模型试验 元素迁移规律 隐伏金属矿 地气异常场分布规律 异常统计特征 探测深度 

分 类 号：P632.5[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]