共基质对原油降解的影响及反应动力学研究  

Influences of Co-Substrates on the Biodegradation of Crude Oil and Its Kinetics of Reaction

作　　者：刘晓春[1] 赵丹[1] 汤崭[1] 阎光绪[2] 郭绍辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航天试验技术研究所,北京100074 [2]中国石油大学,北京102249

出　　处：《污染防治技术》2014年第3期1-4,12,共5页Pollution Control Technology

摘　　要：将α-乳糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖作为原油的共代谢基质,通过一株嗜油菌对共基质体系的降解研究了该菌株在液体培养基中对不同共基质体系的代谢过程,并进行了动力学分析,考察了不同共代谢基质对原油降解的影响。红外分光光度法分析表明在30℃的条件下,共基质α-乳糖对该菌株的降解性能起促进作用,可使原油的降解率提高到80%,葡萄糖和蔗糖对其降解性能有抑制作用。动力学分析后发现添加了以α-乳糖作为共基质的降解体系的反应速率常数最大,各降解体系的反应速率常数的大小顺序依次为:k(α-乳糖与原油)>k(原油)>k(葡萄糖与原油)>k(蔗糖与原油)。The lactose, glucose and sucrose were selected as co - metabolism substrates of crude oil. The metabolism process and kinetic analysis of the different co - substrate systems degraded by oil - degraded bacteria in the fluid nutrient medium and the influences of co - substrates on the biodegradation of crude oil were investigated. Infrared spectrophotometry analysis showed that lactose promoted the activity of strain X3 and the degradation of crude oil increased to 80% at 30-C. The glucose and sucrose inhibi- ted the biodegradation of crude oil under the existence of strain X3. The greatest reaction velocity constant was found with the addi- tion of lactose. The sequence of reaction velocity constant of each reaction system was as follows ： k （ lactose ＆ crude oil） 〉 k （ crude oil） 〉 k （ glucose ＆ crude oil） 〉 k （ sucrose ＆crude oil）.

关 键 词：共基质 原油 菌株 生物降解 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]