化学脱胶处理对汉麻纤维结构和性能的影响  

Effect of Chemical Degumming on the Structure and Properties of Hemp Fiber

作　　者：邓云红[1] 尤玲玲[1] 刘洪玲[1] 于伟东[1] 张璐[1] 巴依娜 

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期270-275,共6页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：研究不同质量浓度的碱处理对汉麻纤维的结构和性能的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、强伸仪和弯曲测试仪,对汉麻纤维脱胶前后的表面形态、结晶结构、拉伸及弯曲性能变化进行表征.研究结果表明,碱处理将纤维中的非纤维素物质逐渐去除,使汉麻纤维表面变得光滑,但碱液质量浓度过高会使纤维产生裂缝.随着碱液质量浓度的增加,纤维的羟基数量先减少后增加,因为在高质量浓度下碱液进入无定形区和结晶区边缘,使纤维产生更多无定形区,导致羟基数量增加.X射线衍射结果表明,纤维的结晶指数先增加后减少.经碱处理后,纤维的断裂强力逐渐增加,断裂伸长率先上升后降低,纤维的等效弯曲模量和抗弯刚度都逐渐降低.The effect of the structure and properties of hemp fiber treated by different alkali mass concentration was studied. The changes of the surface morphology, crystallization structure, tensile and bending property of hemp fiber were indicated by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）., tensile tester and bending instrument. The research results showed that with the alkali treatment, the non-cellulosic materials removed from surface to make the fiber smooth, but high alkali mass concentration caused many cracks along the axis of fiber. The amount of hydrogen bonding decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of the alkali mass concentration. At high mass concentration, alkali solution entered the amorphous region and the edge of crystallization region which leaded to the amount of hydrogen bonding increasing because of the increase of amorphous region area. The fiber crystallization index increased firstly and then decreased by the analysis of X-ray diffraction. With the alkali treatment, the fiber breaking strength gradually increased, and the breaking elongation increased firstly and then decreased, while the fiber equivalent flexural modulus and flexural rigidity gradually declined.

关 键 词：汉麻 化学脱胶 表面形态 结晶指数 抗弯刚度 

分 类 号：TS102.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]