多功能剧院音乐反射罩的设计与应用  

Design and application of acoustic reflecting shell for modern multi-functional theatre

作　　者：余斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东建筑设计研究院有限公司章奎生声学设计研究所,上海200070

出　　处：《声学技术》2014年第3期250-254,共5页Technical Acoustics

摘　　要：当剧院兼用大型交响乐、室内乐或合唱音乐演出时,舞台上必须增设音乐反射罩,既有助于将乐队演奏声返送至听众席和平衡乐队演出,也可改善观众厅内的音质。音乐反射罩是多功能剧院舞台工艺的重要设施之一。主要介绍音乐反射罩的六个工程应用实例,并对增设乐罩前后观众厅的实测结果作分析总结。对比舞台上增设乐罩前后观众厅音质参量混响时间、早期衰变时间、明晰度和声场力度的变化,发现舞台增设乐罩后,显著降低了舞台空间和观众厅空间的耦合作用,两者形成一个整体使观众厅有效声学容积增大。由于乐罩对低频声能的吸收,低频混响时间不但没有提升,反而略有下降。单就混响时间的频率特性而言,增设乐罩的多功能剧院与专业音乐厅仍存在较大的差距。增设乐罩后,观众厅内明晰度降低,而声场力度得到了较大的提升。An acoustical reflecting shell must be installed on stage, when a symphony, chamber music or choral music performs in theatre. Acoustical reflecting shell is one of the most important facilities for multi-functional theatre. It helps to reflect sound to audience area, improve sound quality of auditoriums and interaction between the band mem- bers. This paper mainly describes the application examples and acoustical measurement results. The acoustical reflect- ing shell on stage significantly reduced the coupling effect between stage space and audience hall, thereby increased the reverberation time of audience hall except that of the low frequency part. A multi-purpose theatre with a reflecting shell on its stage fails to make a sound quality as good as that in a concert hall. By installing a cover on the stage, the clarity of audience hall decreases, while the sound strength is greatly improved.

关 键 词：多功能剧院 音乐反射罩 混响时间 声场力度 

分 类 号：TB533[理学—物理]