流域地形景观系统的复杂网络描述  

Complex Network Description of Terrain Landscape System on Drainage Basin

作　　者：田剑[1,2] 汤国安[1] 赵明伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210046 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2014年第4期22-26,共5页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101365、40930531、41201464)

摘　　要：人工作用下流域地形景观系统研究是流域地貌水文研究的重要内容。该文采用复杂网络理论研究黄土高原丘陵沟壑区小流域系统,借助数字地形分析方法从DEM数据中提取网络要素,建立流域地形景观复杂网络模型;选取度、平均路径长度、集聚系数等指标,分析得到网络具有小世界特征,网络中度-度关联性呈现负相关性,负地形中沟谷网络呈现无标度特征;地理尺度对流域地形景观网络拓扑结构影响不大,在人工作用下的地形景观网络呈现平均度减小、集聚系数增大;网络中关键节点的变化影响着网络拓扑结构,改变了小流域系统的地貌水文特征。复杂网络理论为研究流域地形景观系统演化提供了一种新方法。Studying on the terrain landscape system under artificial action is an important issue about geomorphology and hydrology on drainage basin.This paper described the small watershed system on the hilly area of the Loess Plateau with complex network theory.The network elements of drainage basin system were extracted by digital terrain analysis method on the basis of DEM data and the terrain landscape network model was established.Some indexes such as degree,average path length and clustering coefficient were selected as measure.Some results are included that terrain landscape network is the typical small world characteristic network.Moreover,gully network is a kind of scale-free network on positive terrain aspect.The topology feature of terrain landscape is not affected by the geographic scale.Under the artificial modification,the terrain landscape network has been changed by the topology structure of network.Its average degree is reduced and its clustering coefficient is increased.When some key nodes in the network have been changed,its topology structure is evolved,so that the hydrological characteristic on the drainage basin is influenced.It is shown that complex network is a novel method for studying the evolution of landscape system on the drainage basin.

关 键 词：地形景观网络 复杂网络 小世界 无标度 

分 类 号：P931[天文地球—自然地理学]