某院住院和门诊患者抗-HIV抗体阳性率分析  

Analysis on positive rate of anti-HIV antibody in inpatients and outpatients of a hospital

作　　者：黄素兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西钦州市第一人民医院检验科,广西钦州535000

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2014年第13期1740-1741,1744,共3页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的：了解住院及门诊患者人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染情况并探讨其防范措施。方法对2009～2012年99979例住院及门诊患者进行抗-HIV 抗体检测，并分析其阳性结果。结果初筛阳性1269例，确证阳性1130例，符合率为89．05％，阳性率为1．13％。1130例感染者中男767例，女363例，男性感染者主要分布于大于30～50岁年龄段（67．14％）；女性感染者主要分布于大于30～40岁和＞60岁2个年龄段（60．05％）；内科、外科、妇科、门诊抗-HIV 抗体阳性率分别为0．74％、1．40％、1．07％和1．25％；HIV 感染者以性传播为主，已婚者占多数，文化程度越低，感染率越高，职业分布以无业、农民和经商者居多。结论对全民进行预防艾滋病知识的普及，能有效降低 HIV 感染率，医务人员要做好预防工作，防止职业暴露的发生，使用核酸检测可提高检测准确性。Objective To understand the human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）infection situation in the inpatients and outpa-tients and its precautionary measures.Methods 99 979 inpatients and outpatients in the hospital from 2009 to 2012 were performed the anti-HIV antibody test and the positive results were analyzed.Results 1 269 cases were positive in the preliminary screening and 1 130 cases were confirmed positive,the coincidence rate was 89.05% and the positive rate was 1.13%.Among 1 130 HIV in-fected cases,767 cases were male and 363 cases were female,infected males were mainly distributed in 〉30-50 years old age group （67.14%）;Infected females were mainly distributed between 〉30-40 years old and 〉 60 years old（60.05%）;In the department distribution,the anti-HIV antibody positive rate in the internal medicine,surgery,gynecology and outpatient departments were 0.74%,1 .40%,1 .07% and 1 .25% respectively;The HIV infectors were dominated by sexual transmission,married persons were in the majority,the lower level of culture,the higher infection rate,the occupational distribution was dominated by the jobless,farm-ers and business persons.Conclusion Carrying out the popularization of the AIDS prevention knowledge on the whole people can effectively reduce the anti-HIV antibody positive rate;The medical personnel should do a good job in prevention and prevent the oc-currence of occupational exposure;Using the nucleic acid detection can improve the detection accuracy.

关 键 词：HIV感染 酶联免疫吸附测定 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学] R512.91[医药卫生—临床医学]