超级杂交稻生育后期叶片和根系的衰老营养生理研究  

The Leaf and Root Nourishment Physiology Research for the Super-hybrid Rice after Heading

作　　者：郭士伟[1,2,3] 赵学强[1] 夏士健[3] 朱虹霞[3] 施卫明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《华北农学报》2014年第3期115-121,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303102);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(12)3042)

摘　　要：以常规杂交稻汕优63为对照,选用11个超级杂交稻品种(组合),研究了常规栽培条件下,超级杂交稻抽穗后叶片和根系伤流液营养元素含量变化与早衰的关系。以剑叶叶绿素含量为早衰标准,抽穗后不同时间测定发现,协优9308和汕优63不易早衰,而两优培九和国稻1号容易早衰。抽穗后12个水稻品种剑叶大量元素钙、氮、磷、钾、镁含量测定结果也表明协优9308在12个品种中相对较高,而国稻1号相对较低。抽穗后水稻根系伤流强度也逐渐降低,活力下降,呈现衰老特征。12个水稻品种抽穗后根系伤流液微量元素磷、钾、钙含量变化不大,镁含量明显上升,铁含量迅速下降。农艺性状和生理试验结果综合分析表明,12个水稻品种中协优9308相对不易早衰,具有更广泛的生态适应性。此外还比较了叶片和根系各生理指标的相关性,结果发现超级杂交稻地上部和地下部在衰老进程上具有一致性,但又相对独立。In order to elucidate the relationship between the super-hybrid rice plant nourishment and its presenescencing after sprouting,the rice flag leaf and roots nourishment content changes,the flag leaf chlorophyll content changes and the roots bleeding changes of 11 super-hybrid rice varities as well as the control,Shanyou 63-the most popularized three-line hybrid rice combination were determined during this period,and the relationships were also studied.Our data showed that among the 12 rice varieties Xieyou 9308 and Shanyou 63 were not easy to senescence,but the Liangyoupeijiu and Guodao 1 were easy to senescence.Their senescence characteristics were also verified though the analyzations of their flag leaf N,P,K,Ca and Mg content change.After sprouting,their roots bleeding intensity reduced,the roots vigor became weak,so the roots also senescenced gradually.The P,K,Ca content of the rices roots bleeding changed smoothly,but the Mg content rose sharply,and the Fe content dropped sharply.From the integrated analysis of agronomic character and physiological experiment result,it was concluded that Xieyou 9308 was not easy for senescence,and could adapt for more stressful environment than other rice varities.Based on the above nourishment characteristics of the rice flag leaf and roots,we informed that the rice plant aboveground and the underground senescenced concurrently,but they were independent relatively.

关 键 词：超级杂交稻 早衰 营养生理 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]