最大熵产生原理在非平衡凝固中应用  

Applications of the Maximum Entropy Production Principle to Non-Equilibrium Solidification

作　　者：王慷[1] 王海丰[1] 刘峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2014年第6期337-342,360,共7页Materials China

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB610403);国家杰出青年科学基金(51125002);国家自然科学基金(51371149;51101122;51134011);国家自然科学基金中俄合作交流项目(NSFC 512111059;RFBR 13-02-91156);西北工业大学基础研究基金(JC20120223);西北工业大学博士论文创新基金(CX 201406)

摘　　要：近年来,最大熵产生原理在物理、化学、生物等领域得到广泛应用,被认为是描述非平衡体系演化的普适性原理;其核心思想是孤立非平衡耗散体系演化总是选择最短路径,以使体系尽可能快地向平衡态演化。非平衡凝固技术在工业生产中应用日益广泛,凝固理论研究却仍集中于近平衡过程;最大熵产生率原理在非平衡凝固中的应用,可推动非平衡凝固理论的发展,进而促进凝固理论的工业应用。总结了近年来最大熵产生原理在非平衡凝固中的应用,包括二元合金非平衡凝固界面动力学模型及多相场模型、多元合金非平衡凝固界面动力学模型、平界面稳定性分析及自由枝晶生长模型。对建立这些模型的热力学过程和相应的数学方法进行了详尽的描述。最后对最大熵产生原理的研究前景进行了展望。Recently, maximum entropy production principle （MEPP） has been widely applied to physical, chemical and biological problems.MEPP, which is considered as a universal law for the evolution of non-equilibrium dissipative sys-tems, means that the isolated non-equilibrium system will tend to the state with maximum entropy along the shortest possi-ble path.Rapid solidification, a typical non-equilibrium process, has been adopted in industrial processes while the theo-retical studies of solidification still focus on the near-equilibrium solidification.Thus, the applications of MEPP can moti-vate the development of non-equilibrium solidification theory, thus promote its application to industrial processes .This pa-per summaries recent applications of MEPP to non-equilibrium solidification, including interface kinetics and multi-phase-field model for binary alloys, interface kinetics, morphological stability and dendrite growth for multi-component alloys.In addition, the required thermodynamical process and correspondence to mathematic method has been detailed .In the end, research prospect of the MEPP is also forecasted.

关 键 词：熵产生 热力学 非平衡 凝固 

分 类 号：TG111.4[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]