河西灌区田间固定道保护性耕作下作物轮作模式效益评价  

Benefit evaluation of crop rotation patterns under conservation tillage with permanent raised bed in Hexi irrigated areas

作　　者：张立勤[1] 马忠明[2] 连彩云[1] 吕晓东[1] 崔云玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2014年第4期107-112,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：中澳合作项目"甘肃河西走廊固定道保护性农业研究"(SMCN/2002/094)

摘　　要：在甘肃河西走廊,通过田间试验结合入户调研的方式,运用综合评价的方法,对基于固定道保护性农业的7种轮作模式进行了分析。结果表明:小麦-加工型甜椒-玉米经济效益最好,净收益、产投比和单方水产值分别为1.52×104元·hm-2、2.00和5.39元·m-3;小麦-啤酒大麦-小麦劳动生产率最高,达240.2元·人-1·a-1,社会效益在所有轮作模式中也相对最好;小麦-油葵-啤酒大麦区域水资源安全保障度、水分能量生产效率、热量利用率分别为1.83、2.07×104kJ·m-3和66.12%,生态效益最好;综合效益相对较好的4种轮作模式分别为小麦-加工型甜椒-玉米、小麦-马铃薯-小麦、小麦-玉米-玉米和小麦-针叶豌豆-小麦。兼顾考虑固定道保护性农业系统的稳定性维护,小麦-加工型甜椒-玉米、小麦-玉米-玉米和小麦-针叶豌豆-小麦三种轮作模式更适宜在固定道保护性农业技术体系中进行应用和推广。Based on the field experiment combined the investigation from farmers,the comprehensive evaluation method was used to analyze the benefits of 7 crop rotation patterns under conservation tillage with permanent raised bed in Hexi corridor of Gansu Province. The results showed： the economic benefit of wheat – sweet pepper– maize was the best,whose net income,output/input ratio and output value per cubic meter of irrigation water were 1. 52 × 104yuan·hm-2,2.00 and 5.39 yuan·m-3,respectively; the labor productivity of wheat-barley-wheat was the highest,being 240. 2 yuan·person-1·a-1,and it＇s social benefit was also the best among all the rotation patterns; and the ecological benefit of wheat – oil sunflower – wheat was the best,whose guarantee degree of regional water resource,energy production efficiency of water and use efficiency of heat energy were 1. 83,2. 07 × 104kJ·m-3and 66. 12%,respectively. According to comprehensive benefits,the four rotation patterns of wheat-sweet pepper-maize,wheat-potato-wheat,wheat-maize-maize and wheat-coniferous pea-wheat were relatively good. Considering the stability maintenance of agricultural system,wheat-sweet pepper-maize,wheat-maize-maize and wheat-coniferous pea-wheat were the suitable rotation patterns for conservation agriculture with permanent raised bed.

关 键 词：固定道保护性农业 轮作模式 层次分析法 河西走廊 

分 类 号：S344.13[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]