宝鸡某冶炼厂周边土壤铅镉总量及形态空间分布特征  

Spatial distribution characteristics of total concentrations and forms of lead and cadmium in farmland soil nearby a smelter in Baoji

作　　者：许绍娥 郝军亮 孟昭福[1,3] 王瑶 李璐 彭鸽 白昭 杨淑英[5] 李彬[5] 李忠强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省固体废物管理中心,陕西西安710054 [3]农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [4]陕西省环境监测中心站,陕西西安710054 [5]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2014年第4期202-207,268,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：陕西省环保厅中央重金属污染防治专项;陕西省农业科技攻关项目(2012K02-15);陕西省社会发展攻关项目(2013K13-01-05)

摘　　要：采用克里金插值法对宝鸡某冶炼厂周边农田土壤中铅镉含量及形态空间分布特征进行了研究,并分析了土壤中铅镉总量及各形态含量与小麦中铅镉含量的相关性,目的在于为冶炼厂周边土壤重金属污染的表征提供依据。结果表明,土壤中Pb形态的高低顺序为:残渣态>有机硫结合态>铁锰氧化态>可交换态,Cd形态为:可交换态>残渣态>有机硫结合态>铁锰氧化态。土壤中Pb总量及Pb、Cd铁锰氧化态在距离冶炼厂500 m处含量均显著高于1 500 m和2 500 m处,后两者之间无差异;而Cd总量及Pb、Cd可交换态、有机硫结合态和残渣态在三个采样距离并没有表现出显著性差异。克里金插值分析表明,除Pb可交换态外,Pb和Cd其余形态在一定程度上均显示出与风向的一致性。相关分析表明,土壤中Pb、Cd可交换态、铁锰氧化态与小麦Pb和Cd含量均有显著的相关性,表明冶炼厂周边旱地土壤中,Pb、Cd可交换态和铁锰氧化态都可能作为土壤重金属污染空间分布和有效性表征的指标。Aimed at providing the basis for characterization of heavy metals in contaminated soils,the spatial distribution characteristics of total concentrations and forms of Pb,Cd in the farmland soil nearby a smelter in Baoji City,Shaanxi Province were investigated by using Kriging interpolation method,and the correlation between total concentrations and various forms of Pb,Cd in soil and their concentrations in wheat was analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of various forms of Pb was sequenced as： residual form organic-sulfide form Fe-Mn oxide from exchangeable form,while that of Cd was sequenced as： exchangeable form residual form organic-sulfide form Fe-Mn oxide form. The concentrations of total Pb and Fe-Mn oxide form of Pb and Cd in soil samples at 500 m from the smelter were significantly higher than those at 1 500 m and 2 500 m,but there was no significant difference betweenthe later two distances. As for the concentrations of total Cd and the other three forms of Pb,Cd,there was no significant difference among the three sampling distances. The results of Kriging interpolation analysis showed that,except for exchangeable form of Pb,the spatial distribution of other forms of Pb,Cd corresponded to the characteristic of wind direction in the research area. Correlation analysis showed that the exchangeable and Fe-Mn oxide forms of Pb,Cd in soil samples were significantly correlated with concentrations of Pb,Cd in wheat samples. Therefore,the exchangeable and Fe-Mn oxide forms of Pb,Cd in soil samples could both be used as the characterization indicators of heavy metal pollution in drylands nearby a smelter.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 形态 空间分布 小麦 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]