机械通气患者呼吸机相关肺炎的危险因素分析  

The Analysis of Risk factors Associated with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Patients with Mechanical Ventilation

作　　者：陆雪琴[1] 严斌泓[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市第七人民医院呼吸内科,上海200137

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2014年第12期29-31,共3页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的探讨机械通气患者呼吸机相关性肺炎(ventilator-associated pneumonia,VAP)的危险因素,以期为制定相应的防治对策、降低VAP的发生率提供临床依据。方法便利抽样法选取2010-2012年在上海市第七人民医院重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)及呼吸内科行机械通气的65例患者为研究对象,分析其临床资料和治疗经过。结果 65例患者中有20位患者出现呼吸机相关性肺炎,发生率为30.8%,其中患者合并肺功能减退(OR=43.19,P=0.007)、使用抑酸药物(OR=46.52,P=0.004)、年龄>60岁(OR=26.47,P=0.034)是导致VAP发生的3个独立危险因素。结论在ICU及呼吸内科重症监护病房中VAP的发生率仍较高,患者合并有肺功能减退、使用抑酸药物及年龄大于60岁是VAP发生的3个独立危险因素,应加强对此类患者的重视,及时采取预防防治措施。Objective To discuss the risk factors involved in ventilator-associatedpneumonia（ventilator-as-sociated pneumonia,VAP）,and provide clinical evidence for the prevention and measures to reduce the incidence of VAP.Methods By convenience sampling,6 5 cases were selected and their clinical data and medical records were analyzed retrospectively.Results The VAP occurred in 20 cases of 65 patients,and the morbidity was 30.8%,and the patients with abnormal Pulmonary function（OR=43.19,P=0.007）,the use of acid suppressive medication （OR=46.52,P=0.004）,and patients whose age were above 60 （OR=26.47,P=0.034）were three independent clinical factors associated with VAP.Conclusion The morbidity of VAP was significant in ICU and respiratory intensive care unit,The patients with abnormal pulmonary function, using the acid suppressing medication and age above 60 years should be taken precautions to prevent VAP.

关 键 词：机械通气 呼吸机相关肺炎 危险因素 对策 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]