安庆市螨诱发变应性鼻炎的人群和季节性特点  

Population and season characteristics of allergic rhinitis induced by dust mite at Anqing city

作　　者：王保霞[1] 梁素青[1] 何凤[1] 田华[1] 王晶晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学附属安庆医院耳鼻喉科,安徽安庆246003

出　　处：《安徽医药》2014年第8期1595-1597,共3页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解安庆市不同人群和季节中螨诱发变应性鼻炎特点。方法对2012年3月—2013年2月就诊的992例疑似变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验,记录点刺结果;数据的统计学分析使用SPSS20.0软件进行。结果在不同季节中,秋季尘螨阳性率显著高于春季(χ2=21.63,P<0.01)、夏季(χ2=18.25,P<0.01)和冬季(χ2=6.93,P<0.01),而夏季螨过敏性鼻炎比例分别和春季(χ2=137.13,P<0.01)、秋季(χ2=64.24,P<0.01)以及冬季(χ2=284.90,P<0.01)相比差异有统计学意义。在不同人群中,少年、青年分别和童年(χ2=4.32,P<0.05;χ2=3.89,P<0.05)、中老年(χ2=24.01,P<0.001;χ2=27.57,P<0.001)相比,尘螨阳性率差异性具有统计学意义,并且青年螨过敏性鼻炎比例分别和童年(χ2=284.94,P<0.01)、少年(χ2=94.16,P<0.01)以及中老年人(χ2=62.24,P<0.01)相比差异具有统计学意义。结论秋季是螨致敏过敏性鼻炎最高的季节,但夏季为螨过敏性鼻炎高发季节;少年和青年是螨致敏过敏性鼻炎的危险人群,青年人群的螨过敏性鼻炎比例最高。Objective To explore the population and seasonal characteristics of allergic rhinitis induced by dust mites in the city of Anqing. Methods Nine hundred and ninety-two patients of suspected allergic rhinitis had skin prick test（SPT） and signs checks,SPT results were recorded and analyzed by SPSS20. 0 statistical software. Results The positive rate of dust mite in fall was significantly higher than that in spring（χ^2= 21. 63,P〈0. 01）,summer（χ^2= 18. 25,P〈0. 01） and winter（χ^2= 6. 93,P〈0. 01）,while in summer,the proportion of patients with allergic rhinitis induced by dust mite was significantly higher than that in spring（ χ^2= 137. 13,P〈0. 01）,fall（χ^2= 64. 24,P〈0. 01）and winter（χ^2= 284. 90,P〈0. 01）. In different populations,the juvenile and youth owned significantly higher positive rate of dust mite than children（ χ^2= 4. 32,P〈0. 05;χ^2= 3. 89,P〈0. 05） and middle-aged populations（ χ^2=24. 01,P〈0. 001;χ^2= 27. 57,P〈0. 001）. And the proportion of youths with allergic rhinitis induced by dust mite was significantly higher than that of juvenile（χ^2= 284. 94,P〈0. 01）,children（χ^2= 284. 94,P〈0. 01） and middle-aged populations（ χ^2= 62. 24,P〈0. 01）. Conclusions The highest positive rate of allergic rhinitis induced by dust mite is in fall,yet the highest incidence is in summer. The juvenile and youth are risk population of the disease and the highest incidence is found in the youth.

关 键 词：尘螨 变应性鼻炎 年龄 季节 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]