石墨烯的制备及其超级电容性能  

Preparation and supercapacitive performance of high-quality graphene material

作　　者：张勇[1,2] 陈腾飞[1] 张建[3] 黄淑荣 高海丽 王力臻[1] 宋延华[1,2] 张林森[1] 李晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业学院材料与化学工程学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省表界面科学重点实验室,郑州450002 [3]中航飞机股份有限公司汉中飞机分公司机械动力公司,汉中723215 [4]中航飞机股份有限公司汉中飞机分公司精修站,汉中723215

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报》2014年第7期931-937,共7页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing

基　　金：河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划资助项目(2012HASTIT022);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201210462024);郑州轻工业学院研究生科技创新基金资助项目(01013)

摘　　要：以鳞片石墨为原料,采用化学氧化还原法制备了高品质的石墨烯.借助X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察、氮气吸附--脱附实验、恒流充放电实验、循环伏安法和交流阻抗谱技术对石墨烯的结构、形貌、表面性能和超级电容性能进行了系统研究.X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜结果表明,石墨烯整体上呈现无序结构,外观具有蓬松、透明的薄纱状及本征性皱褶,其BET比表面积为14.2m2·g-1,总孔容为0.06cm3·g-1,平均孔径为17.3nm.交流阻抗谱测试结果表明,石墨烯电极具有较小的阻抗,其等效串联电阻为0.16Ω,电荷传递电阻为0.55Ω.恒流充放电和循环伏安测试结果显示:石墨烯电极具有良好的功率特性和循环稳定性,电容特征显著.在2、5、10和20mV·s-1扫描速度下的放电比电容分别为123、113、101和89 F·g-1;即使是50mV·s-1的高扫速,放电比电容仍可达69F·g-1.High quality graphene material was prepared from flake graphite by chemical oxidation-reduction process. Its microstructure, morphology, surface properties and supercapacitive performance were characterized by X-ray diffraction （ XRD） analysis, scanning electron microscopy （ SEM） , transmission electron microscopy （ TEM） , Brumauer-Emmett-Teller （ BET） analysis, galvanostatic charge/discharge test, cyclic voltammetry （ CV） , and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （ EIS） . XRD results show that the crystal structure of the graphene is amorphous. SEM and TEM images show that the graphene plays flake-like shapes with wrinkles and ripples. Moreover, the graphene has porous structure with a BET specific surface area of 14. 2 m^2·g^-1 , total pore volume of 0. 06 cm^3·g^-1 , and average pore diameter of 17. 3 nm. EIS results show that the graphene electrode has a smaller impedance, the equivalent series resistance is 0. 16Ω, and the charge transfer resistance is 0. 55Ω. Galvanostatic charge/discharge test and CV analysis indicate that the graphene exhibits enhanced capacitance, high current charge/discharge characteristics, and stable cycle life as a supercapacitor electrode. It delivers the discharge specific capacities of 123, 113, 101 and 89 F·g^-1 at the scan rates of 2, 5, 10, and 20 mV·s^-1 , respectively. Even though the scan rate is 50 mV·s^-1 , the discharge specific capacity retains 69 F·g^-1 .

关 键 词：石墨烯 无序结构 制备 电化学行为 电容器 

分 类 号：TM533[电气工程—电器]