三臂聚乙二醇/四氢呋喃星形嵌段共聚醚的合成及其聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能  

Synthesis of three-armed polyethylene glycol /tetrahydrofuran star-shaped block copolyether and mechanical properties of its polyurethane elastomer

作　　者：苏玲[1] 张丽华[1] 汪存东[1] 毛兴玲 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,太原030051

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2014年第4期288-293,共6页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

摘　　要：以三臂聚乙二醇为引发剂、三氟化硼乙醚络合物为催化剂,在少量环氧丙烷助开环的条件下催化四氢呋喃进行正离子聚合,直接在聚乙二醇末端接上聚四氢呋喃醚链段,制备出了端羟基三臂星形嵌段共聚醚。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱对产物进行了表征,并测定了其相对分子质量和黏度。以合成的三臂星形共聚醚为原料,通过一步法制备了聚氨酯弹性体,研究了其力学性能。结果表明,对三臂星形共聚醚聚氨酯弹性体扯断伸长率的影响程度从大到小依次为固化温度、固化参数R值、1,4-丁二醇与星形共聚醚中的羟基比及催化剂用量,对拉伸强度的影响程度从大到小依次为固化参数R值、固化温度、1,4-丁二醇与星形共聚醚中的羟基比及催化剂用量。在固化参数R值为1.3、1,4-丁二醇与共聚醚中的羟基摩尔比为3/1、催化剂用量为共聚醚质量的0.6%、固化温度为65℃时所制备聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能较好,扯断伸长率可达2 553%,拉伸强度为3.02 MPa。与线型共聚醚相比,用所合成三臂星形共聚醚制备的聚氨酯弹性体具有更好的力学性能。The hydroxyl-terminated star-shaped block copolyether was synthesized with three-arm polyethylene glycol （ PEG） as initiator , boron-trifluorid ether complex as catalyst , small amount of epoxy propane as ring-opening promotor by tetrahydrofuran cationic ring-opening polymerization in which the polytetrahydrofuran chains were connected to each end of three-arm PEG.The obtained copolyether was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy , proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography , and the viscosity of the copolyether was determined.Polyurethane elastomers were prepared by one-step with three-armed starshaped copolyether as soft segment source ,and the mechanical properties of the obtained products were studied.The results showed that the order of influencing the elongation at break of star-shaped copolyether polyurethane from big to small was curing temperature , curing parameter value R ,hydroxyl mole ratio of 1 ,4-butanediol to starshaped copolyether and catalyst amount , and the order of influencing tensile strength , curing parameter value R, curing temperature, hydroxyl mole ratio of 1,4-butanediol to star-shaped copolyether and catalyst amount.Under the optimized condition of R value 1.3, hydroxyl mole ratio of 1,4-butanediol to star-shaped copolyether 3/1, catalyst amount 0.6%（ by the mass copolyether ） and curing temperature 65 ℃, the star-shaped copolyether polyurethane elastomer had better mechanical properties , elongation at break was 2 553%, tensile strength was 3.02 MPa.Compared with linear polyether polyur-thane elastomer , star-shaped copolyether elastomer had better mechanical properties.

关 键 词：三臂聚乙二醇 三臂星形嵌段共聚醚 聚氨酯弹性体 正离子开环聚合 表征 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ334.1[化学工程—橡胶工业]