城市区域绿色屋顶普及对水量水质的影响  

Influence of green roof application on water quantity and quality in urban region

作　　者：王书敏[1,2] 李兴扬 张峻华[2] 于慧 郝有志[2] 杨婉奕 

机构地区：[1]重庆市环境材料与修复技术重点实验室,重庆402160 [2]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第7期2026-2032,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：重庆市教委科技项目(KJ1401120;KJ121214);重庆文理学院基金项目(Z2013CH03;2012PYXM05)资助

摘　　要：绿色屋顶是城市降雨径流管理的主要措施之一,为了解绿色屋顶普及对城市流域降雨径流量和径流水质的影响,本文以重庆大学虎溪流域为研究载体,评估了绿色屋顶规模化应用与流域降雨产流和径流水质的响应关系.结果表明:在城市流域进行屋面绿化有助于消减降雨径流以及产污负荷,且屋顶绿化规模和空间分布情景影响降雨径流水质.在屋顶占城市区域总面积的比例为25%、降雨持续时间15 min、降雨强度14.8 mm·h-1的条件下,当区域内屋顶全部绿化时,峰值降雨径流降低5.3%,降雨径流总量降低31%;总悬浮物(TSS)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)的污染负荷分别降低40.0%、31.6%、29.8%,峰值浓度分别降低21.0%、16.0%、-12.2%,平均浓度分别降低13.1%、0.9%、-1.7%;随屋顶绿化率的增加,TSS、TP浓度消减率有所提高,而TN浓度消减率则呈降低趋势,靠近流域总出水口进行屋面绿化,更有利于径流水质的改善.Green roof is widely used in advanced stormwater management as a major measure now. Taking Huxi catchment in Chongqing University as the study area, the relationships between green roof installation with runoff volume and water quality in urban region were investigated. The results showed that roof greening in the urban region contributed to reducing the runoff volume and pollu- tion load. In addition, the spatial distribution and area of green roof also had effects on the runoff water quality. With the conditions that the roof area was 25% of the total watershed area, rainfall duration was 15 rain and rainfall intensity was 14.8 mm~ h-1 , the peak runoff and total runoff volume were reduced by 5.3 % and 31%, the pollution loads of total suspended solid （ TSS）, total phosphorus （TP） and total nitrogen （TN） decreased by 40.0%, 31.6% and 29.8%, their peak concentrations decreased by 21.0% , 16.0% and -12.2% , and the EMCs （event mean concentra- tions） were cut down by 13.1%, 0.9% and -1.7% , respectively, when all impervious roofs were greened in the research area. With the increase of roof greening rate, the reduction rates of TSS and TP concentrations increased, while the reduction rate of TN concentration decreased on the whole. Much more improvement could be obtained with the use of green roofs near the outlet of the water- shed.

关 键 词：绿色屋顶 水量水质 城市区域 降雨径流 

分 类 号：TU991.21[建筑科学—市政工程]