盐分对生物脱氮工艺中硝化反应的影响与机理  

Impact of salinity on nitrification in the process of biological nitrogen removal and its mechanism: A review

作　　者：徐寒莉[1] 梁志伟[1] 毛巍[1] 王存豹 吴伟祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院环境保护研究所,杭州310058

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第7期2132-2140,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(21107093);浙江省教育厅科研项目(X201120190)资助

摘　　要：高盐废水来源广泛,在利用生物脱氮法处理高盐含氮废水时,盐分会对生物脱氮产生抑制作用.硝化反应是生物脱氮工艺中的关键过程,研究盐分对硝化反应的影响机理具有重要意义.本文概述了盐分对废水生物脱氮过程中硝化反应影响的研究进展,总结了盐胁迫对好氧氨氧化过程、亚硝酸盐氧化过程中硝化效率和反应特性的影响规律,并分析了盐分对硝化微生物细胞形态、生物絮体结构和胞外聚合物特性变化以及菌群结构的影响,系统阐述了盐胁迫下的硝化反应机理,为高盐分高铵氮废水生物脱氮工艺设计提供理论指导.Wastewater with high salinity is widely distributed, biological nitrogen removal process is inhibited by salt when it is used to treat wastewater containing high concentration of salt and ammo- nium. Nitrification is the key step of biolog/cal nitrogen removal process, thus researching the effect of salinity on nitrification is significant. In this article, the research progress of the impact of salini- ty on wastewater biological nitrification process was summarized. The influences of salinity stress on various aspects of nitrification process, including the efficiency of ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxi- dation processes, and the structure of aggregates, the characteristics of flocs and microbial commu- nity structure, were analyzed. The mechanism of nitrification process under high salinity was elabo- rated, providing a theoretical advice for designing biological nitrogen removal system of wastewater with high concentration of salt and ammonium.

关 键 词：含盐废水 硝化反应 胞外聚合物 好氧氨氧化菌 亚硝酸盐氧化菌 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]