水稻恶苗病菌的生物学特性研究  

Study on biological characteristics of Fusarium moniliforme Sheled

作　　者：黄玉人 赵杰[2,3] 唐赵莲 支月娥[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区农业服务中心,上海201201 [2]上海市浦东新区农业技术推广中心,上海201201 [3]上海市浦东新区青少年活动中心,上海201300 [4]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2014年第3期102-105,共4页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903056)资助

摘　　要：研究了水稻恶苗病菌（串珠镰孢）的生物学特性，结果表明：麦芽糖琼脂培养基和察贝克氏培养基最适合病菌菌丝的生长，PSA 培养基最适宜孢子的产生；菌丝生长的适宜温度为5～35℃（最适30℃），适宜 pH为6～10，菌落产孢的最适 pH 为8；菌丝和孢子的致死温度为50℃；光照条件对菌落生长影响不明显，但以全暗条件下产孢量最大；在测试的碳源中，鼠李糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖最适宜菌丝生长，甘露醇和淀粉最适宜产孢；氮源中以硝酸钾最适宜菌丝生长，尿素最适宜产孢。生理生化特性测定结果表明：水稻恶苗病菌对孔雀石绿不敏感，对淀粉和硝态氮的利用能力较强。The study showed that malt agar and the Czapek＆#39;s medium were the best for the mycelial growth of Fusarium moniliforme and the PSA medium was the best for the spore production;The suit-able conditions for the mycelial growth were 5 -35 ℃（the optimum temperature was 30 ℃）and pH 6-10,and the optimum pH was 8 for the spore production;The lethal temperature of the mycelium and spore was 50 ℃;Light condition had less effect on the colony growth,but the spore production was the maximum in darkness;As carbon sources,rhamnose,dextrose and saccharose were the most fa-vorable for the mycelial growth,and mannitol and amylum were the most favorable for the spore pro-duction;As nitrogen sources,niter was the most favorable for the mycelial growth,and carbamide was the most favorable for the spore production.The determination of the physiological and biochemical characteristics showed that F .moniliforme was insensitive to malachite green and had a high ability to utilize starch and nitrate nitrogen.

关 键 词：稻恶苗病 串珠镰孢 生物学特性 生化特性 

分 类 号：S435.111[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]