苛性碱溶液氧压浸出高砷锑烟尘  

Oxygen pressure leaching of arsenic and antimony bearing flue dust in NaOH solution

作　　者：张旭[1] 刘志宏[1] 李玉虎[1] 刘智勇[1] 李启厚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第5期1390-1396,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才资助计划(NCET-11-0517);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2012M521544)

摘　　要：对苛性碱溶液氧压浸出高砷锑烟尘进行研究,考察NaOH浓度、O2分压、温度、浸出时间和液固质量比等因素对砷、锑和铅浸出行为的影响。研究结果表明:在火法处理铅阳极泥产出的高砷锑烟尘中,砷、锑的主要物相分别为As2O3和Sb2O3,锑也有少量以Sb2O5存在;在苛性碱溶液氧压浸出高砷锑烟尘过程中,As(Ⅲ)氧化为溶解度更大的As(Ⅴ)进入溶液,同时Sb(Ⅲ)氧化为Sb(Ⅴ),并形成难溶化合物Sb2O3·2Sb2O5、Pb2Sb2O7和NaSb(OH)6,进入浸出渣中;实验确定的最佳工艺条件为:NaOH质量浓度40 g/L,O2分压2.0 MPa,浸出温度140℃,浸出时间2 h,液固质量比10。在此条件下,As的浸出率可达95%以上,而Sb和Pb的浸出率均小于1.0%。The oxygen pressure leaching of arsenic and antimony bearing flue dust in NaOH solution was investigated and the effects of NaOH concentrate, O2 pressure, temperature, time and mass ratio of liquid to solid were evaluated experimentally. The results show that the main phases of arsenic and antimony in the flue dust produced in the pyrometallurgical treatment of anode slime of lead electrorefining are As2O3 and Sb2O3 separately, with a small amount of antimony also being in the form of Sb2O5. In the process of the oxygen pressure leaching of arsenic and antimony bearing flue dust in NaOH solution, As（Ⅲ） ions are oxidized into As（Ⅴ） with a higher dissolubility in alkaline solution in the leaching process, while Sb（Ⅲ） ions are also oxidized into Sb（Ⅴ） and precipitated into leach residue in the form of Sb2O3·2Sb2O5, Pb2Sb2O7 and NaSb（OH）6. The optimum condition of the leaching is determined to be as follows： NaOH concentrate of 40 g/L, O2 partial pressure of 2.0 MPa, temperature of 140 ℃, leaching time of 2 h, the mass ratio of liquid to solid of 10. Under the optimum conditions, the leaching rate of arsenic is more than 95%, while both of the leaching rates of antimony and lead are less than 1.0%, correspondingly.

关 键 词：高砷锑烟尘 氧压浸出 脱砷 苛性碱溶液 

分 类 号：TF09[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] TF803.23