论中华国民拒毒会与国民政府之关系  

National Government and the National Anti-Opium Association

作　　者：朱庆葆[1] 刘霆[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史系,江苏南京210093 [2]金陵科技学院人文学院,江苏南京210038

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第4期65-71,共7页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：禁烟是近代涉及公众利益的一项事务。1924年,中华国民拒毒会的成立,体现了民众对于公共事务的结社自由。该会以《拒毒月刊》作为舆论调节机制,营造出政权系统之外的立言空间,并以拒毒运动周作为发动群众、领导禁烟运动的平台。就国民政府而言,无论是执政党的意识形态,还是领袖孙中山的"拒毒遗训",都必须承担肃清烟毒、建设国家的任务。随着统治的稳固,国民政府亦逐渐加强对社会团体的组织控制。毫无疑问,中华国民拒毒会成为其必须谨慎面对的公共力量。但平衡禁烟与财政的关系却并非易事。由于党国体制的设计,国民政府须以主角的身份控制禁烟运动的规模与节奏,故其一味强调领导权,极力控制民众行为,而忽视社会的禁烟需求与动员,在某种程度上造成了国家权力与社会关系的失范。而中华国民拒毒会在与国民政府短暂合作之后,亦以解散而告终。In modern history, the anti-opium campaign involves the public interest. In 1924, the national anti-opium association was established. This reflected the people＇s freedom of association for public affairs. It used the media and became the leader of the anti-opium movement. As the National government, whether the ruling party＇s ideology, or the leader Sun Zhongshan＇s ＂anti drug teachings＂, it must take the tasks of eliminating opium and building the eomtry. But to balance the relationship between anti-opium and the public finance ws not easy. The national government emphasised leader- ship trying to control people＇s behavior, but ignored the social demand and the mobilization of anti-opium campaign, resul-ting in the twisted relationship between state power and the society. The national anti-opium association also ended in dissolution.

关 键 词：国民政府 中华国民拒毒会 禁烟运动 

分 类 号：K262[历史地理—历史学]