林下散养对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、内脏器官指数、繁殖系统和血常规指标的影响  

Pasture-Based System: Effects on Performance,Egg Quality,Visceral Organ Indexes,Reproductive System,and Hematological Parameters of Laying Hens

作　　者：杨芷[1] 张得才[1] 杨海明[1] 王玮[1] 朱晓春[1] 曹玉娟[1] 蒋智[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第7期1935-1941,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(13)3043];江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划(201311117093x);扬州大学"新世纪人才工程"资助

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究林下散养对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、内脏器官指数、繁殖系统和血常规指标的影响。选取健康、生产性能接近的新扬州鸡60只,随机分成2个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复10只,分别施以舍内平养和林下散养2个处理。所有鸡均自由采食、饮水,按重复每天统计产蛋量和耗料量。试验第42天,每个重复随机取2只鸡,于08:00进行翅静脉采血,然后屠宰并测定内脏器官及繁殖系统相关指标。每个重复随机取6枚蛋测定蛋品质。结果表明:与舍内平养相比,林下散养鸡产蛋率极显著降低(P<0.01);蛋黄颜色极显著提高(P<0.01),哈氏单位显著提高(P<0.05),蛋壳强度极显著降低(P<0.01);肌胃指数、盲肠指数极显著提高(P<0.01),肝脏指数、直肠指数显著降低(P<0.05);繁殖系统指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);血清球蛋白含量极显著提高(P<0.01),血红蛋白含量、红细胞比容显著提高(P<0.05),血清白蛋白、葡萄糖含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。由此可知,与舍内平养相比,林下散养降低了蛋鸡产蛋率,改善了蛋品质,提高了肌胃指数和盲肠指数,对机体的健康状况有一定改善作用。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of pasture-based system on performance,egg quality,visceral organ indexes,reproductive system,and hematological parameters of laying hens.Sixty New Yangzhou laying hens were selected and randomly divided into 2 treatments with 3 replicates per treatment and 10 hens per replicate.Birds were reared in indoor confinement without outdoor access and raised in pens on litter with outdoor access to pasture,respectively.Birds were all fed ad libitum,and egg production and feed consumption were recorded daily.At 42 days of the test,two hens per replicate were randomly selected to collect blood samples at 08：00,and then slaughtered to determine the indexes related visceral organ and reproductive system.Six eggs per replicate were randomly selected to determine egg quality.The results showed as follows：compared with indoor rearing,the laying rate of laying hens in pasture-based system was significantly decreased （P＜0.01） ; the yolk color was significantly increased （P＜0.01） ; the Haugh unit was significantly increased （P＜0.05）,but the eggshell strength was distinctly decreased （P＜0.01） ; the gizzard index and cecum index were significantly increased （P＜0.01）,in contrast,the liver index and rectal index were strongly decreased （P＜0.05） ; there were no significantly differences in reproductive system indexes （P＞0.05） ; the serum globulin content was significantly increased （P＜0.01）,and the hemoglobin content and haematocrit were significantly increased （P＜0.05）,but the serum albumin and glucose contents were distinctly decreased （P＜0.01）.It is concluded that compared with indoor rearing,pasture-based system can reduce the laying rate of laying hens,but meliorate the egg quality,increase gizzard index and cecum index,and improve the body health in a way.

关 键 词：林下散养 产蛋鸡 生产性能 蛋品质 内脏器官指数 繁殖系统 血常规指标 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]