果寡糖对奶山羊瘤胃微生物区系及常用粗饲料瘤胃降解率的影响  

Fructooligosaccharide: Effects on Ruminal Microflora and Degradation Rate of Common Roughages of Dairy Goats

作　　者：胡静[1] 于子洋[1] 朱亚骏[1] 林英庭[1] 程明[2] 汪文鑫[2] 刘开东[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109 [2]青岛市畜牧兽医研究所,青岛266100

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第7期1988-1995,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：青岛市科技计划应用基础研究项目[11-2-4-5-(1)-jch];山东省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队(SDAIT-09-011-04)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究果寡糖对奶山羊瘤胃微生物区系及常用粗饲料瘤胃降解率的影响.试验选用体况良好、体重相近的8月龄崂山奶山羊4只,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计.对照组饲喂基础饲粮;Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组,分别饲喂基础饲粮中添加0.8％、1.2％及1.6％果寡糖（以有效含量计）的试验饲粮.试验共分为4期,每期35 d,其中预试期7d,正试期28 d.于晨饲前（0 h）,晨饲后2、4、6h以及晚饲前（晨饲后10 h）采集瘤胃液,测定瘤胃液中总细菌以及纤维素分解菌、原虫和真菌数量,同时利用尼龙袋法测定常用粗饲料瘤胃降解率.结果表明：1）与对照组相比,各试验组均能显著或极显著提高苜蓿、青贮玉米、花生蔓和酒糟干物质瘤胃降解率（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;试验Ⅱ组可显著提高豆秸、花生秧和酒糟的中性洗涤纤维瘤胃降解率（P＜0.05）,极显著提高苜蓿中性洗涤纤维瘤胃降解率（P＜0.01）,试验Ⅲ组显著或极显著提高了苜蓿、青贮玉米、豆秸、花生秧的中性洗涤纤维瘤胃降解率（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.2）与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组纤维素分解菌、真菌数量在0～4h显著或极显著提高（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;各试验组总细菌数在2h降到最低,除了4h达到峰值且各试验组显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）外,其他各时间点均与对照组无显著差异（P＞0.05）;饲粮中添加果寡糖对原虫数量无显著影响（P＞0.05）.本试验条件下,饲粮中添加果寡糖可提高瘤胃内纤维素分解菌及真菌的数量,提高粗饲料的瘤胃降解率,其中以1.2％的添加量为最佳.This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fructooligosaccharide （FOS） on ruminal microflora and degradation rate of common roughages of dairy goats.Four 8-month-old healthy Laoshan dairy goats with similar body weight were used in a 4×4 Latin square design.Goats in different groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0 （control group）,0.8％ （test group Ⅰ）,1.2％ （test group Ⅱ） and 1.6％ （test group lⅢ） FOS （calculated as effective content）,respectively.The experiment consisted of 4 stages with 35 days per stage,and each stage had a pre-experimental period of 7 days followed by an experimental period of 28 days.Ruminal fluid was collected for the analysis of the number of total bacteria,cellulose-decomposing bacteria,protozoa and fungi after 0 （before morning feeding）,2,4,6 and 10 h （before afternoon feeding） of feeding in the morning; meanwhile,ruminal degradation rate of common roughages was determined by the method of nylon bag.The results showed as follows：1） compared with control group,ruminal dry matter degradation rate of alfalfa,maize silage,peanut vine and distillers＇ grains in test groups was significantly increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）; ruminal neutral detergent fiber （NDF） degradation rate of bean straw （P＜0.05）,peanut vine （P＜0.05）,distillers＇ grains （P＜0.05） and alfalfa （P＜0.01） in test group Ⅱ was significantly increased,and that of alfalfa,maize silage,bean straw and peanut vine in test group Ⅲ was significantly increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）.2） Compared with control group,the number of cellulose-decomposing bacteria and fungi in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly increased （0 to 4 h,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）; the number of total bacteria reached the lowest at 2 h and the highest at 4 h,and there was no significant difference between test groups and control group at all the time points （P＞0.05） except for at 4 h [the number in test groups was significantly higher than that in c

关 键 词：奶山羊 果寡糖 瘤胃微生物区系 粗饲料 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学] S826[农业科学—畜牧学]