叛乱与现代性--上海小刀会起义与上海现代化的关系  

Rebellion and Modernity: The Relationship between Shanghai Small- Sword Society Uprising and Shanghai Modernization

作　　者：刘平[1] 江林泽[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系,上海200433 [2]山东大学历史文化学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《安徽史学》2014年第4期12-21,52,共11页Historical Research In Anhui

摘　　要：在近代中国社会转型初期,1853年爆发的上海小刀会起义对上海的城市化、现代化产生了重要影响。作为天地会支派的上海小刀会,具有传统会党特性,同时由于特殊的时代、地域背景,如西方入侵、上海通商、闽粤移民大量进入上海和太平天国运动等因素,上海小刀会及其起义发散着浓厚的现代性因素(讲洋文、吃西餐、穿皮鞋现象的背后,是与洋人的特殊关系)。小刀会起义对上海造成了一系列直接或间接的影响,最终使得商业、海关与租界获得飞速发展,上海也得以在现代化轨道上加速前行。传统观点认为,随着商埠开辟,外力入侵,清朝沉沦,这是一出国家悲剧。但从"大历史"角度来看,整个中国的现代化进程也随之骤然提速,尽管西方人主观上未必存有善意,且其推动的现代化确实存在许多问题,我们要探寻的是客观意义,即西方工业化对中国现代化进程的开启作用是不可替代的。During the earlier transition stage of modern China,the Shanghai Small-Sword Society rebellion which broke out in 1853 was of great significance in urbanization and modernization of Shanghai.Shanghai Small-Sword Society,as the branch of Heaven-Earth Society,had its traditional character of secret societies.Meanwhile,since the influence of Taiping Rebellion and some special background on both time and region aspect,such as the Western invasion,Shanghai open and trade, Fujian and Guangdong immigrants entering Shanghai,Shanghai Small-Sword Society and its uprising also had highly modernity （behind such events as speaking foreign languages,having western foods and wearing leather shoes,they had some special relationship with foreign forces）.Shanghai Small-Sword Society rebellion had a series of influence on Shanghai,directly and indirectly.It improved the development of commerce,customs and concession rapidly,and it has also accelerated a great im-provement of Shanghai ’s modernization.The traditional ideas consider that it is a national tragedy：the Western invasion, Shanghai open and trade and destruction of Qing Dynasty.But according to the macro-history’s view,the Shanghai Small-Sword Society rebellion also accelerated a great improvement of Chinese modernization.However,such foreign forces may not had enough good faith in subjective aspect,and the modernization at that time had a lot of problems.What we seek is objective meaning that western industrialization has played an irreplaceable important role on the start of China modernization.

关 键 词：上海 小刀会 叛乱 现代性 

分 类 号：K254.42[历史地理—历史学]