高能辐射机制与伽玛射线暴瞬时辐射的研究  

Studies on High Energy Radiation Mechanisms and Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emissions

作　　者：张博[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学天文与空间科学学院,南京210093

出　　处：《天文学报》2014年第4期354-356,共3页Acta Astronomica Sinica

摘　　要：伽玛射线暴（简称伽玛暴）是宇宙中最为猛烈的高能爆发,它是一种随机出现的短时标脉冲式现象,自20世纪60年代被Vela卫星发现以来,一直都是天体物理学家所关注的研究热点.1997年BeppoSAX卫星首先发现了伽玛暴的余辉,后来又帮助测定了伽玛暴的红移,因而确定伽玛暴是起源于宇宙学距离上的现象.现在通常认为,持续时标长于2 s的长暴起源于大质量恒星的坍缩,而时标短于2s的短暴来自双致密星的并合.对伽玛暴的研究可以帮助人们了解极端相对论、极端高能条件下的物理过程,也可以帮助其他领域的研究,如限制宇宙学模型等.Gamma-Ray Bursts （CRBs） are the most violent high-energy explosion in the universe. They are randomly happened, pulse-like phenomena with short durations. Since its discovery in 1960＇s by Vela satellite, GRBs have become a hot topic for astrophysical research. In 1997 the BeppoSAX satellite discovered afterglows of GRBs, and then helped to measure GRB redshifts. Thus it was found that GRBs are the events occurred at cosmological distances. Now it is widely accepted that the long bursts with durations longer than 2 s are from the collapsing massive stars, while the short bursts with durations less than 2 s are results of the merging compact binaries. By studying GRBs, the physical processes in ultrarelativistic and very high energy conditions can be investigated, and the researches on other fields, including constraining the cosmological models, can also get helped.

关 键 词：伽玛射线暴 辐射机制 高能 宇宙学模型 瞬时 大质量恒星 极端相对论 物理学家 

分 类 号：P172.3[天文地球—天文学]