2006—2013年通州区职业中毒发病情况分析  

Situation analysis of the incidence of occupational poisoning at Tongzhou District of Beijing from 2006 to 2013

作　　者：刘晓峰[1] 武昌[1] 李秋红[1] 王凯[1] 李长江[1] 袁建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2014年第4期275-278,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析通州区职业中毒的发病情况,为制定预防、控制职业中毒防治策略提供科学依据。方法通过北京市职业病预防控制直报信息系统,选取通州区2006年7月—2013年11月职业中毒报告卡数据输出Excel,并用Excel建立数据库进行统计学分析。结果 2006—2013年通州区共报告职业中毒64例,平均中毒年龄为(39.0±11.0)岁,男女性别比为4.3:1,职业中毒病例中男性年龄分布以青、中年为主,占82.7%(43/52);女性年龄分布以中、老年为主,占75.0%(9/12)。职业中毒的发生多出现在私营企业45.8%(11/24)、中小型企业70.8%(17/24)和行业中以制造业中化学原料及化学品制造业40.0%(6/15)为主的企业中。导致职业中毒的化学物约20多种,慢性职业中毒主要以苯、丙烯酰胺等为主,多分布在喷漆、配料等岗位;急性职业中毒主要以硫化氢、氯气等为主,多分布在污水处理、检(维)修、运输等岗位。结论各级相关部门应针对职业中毒发生的特点与规律,制定有效的职业病预防控制措施,尤其是应加强对存在职业中毒频发隐患的重点行业、关键岗位、高危化学物质及私营企业、中小企业的监督监管力度。Objective To analysis of the incidence of occupational poisoning at Tongzhou District, in or- der to provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and control strategies of occupational poison- ing. Methods Through using the direct reporting information system of prevention and control of occupational diseases in Beijing, occupational poisoning report card database from July 2006 to November 2013 at Tong- zhou District was drawed in Excel format. Results There were 64 cases of occupational poisoning reported during the period at Tongzhou District from 2006 to 2013. The average age of poisoning was 39.0 （! 11.0） years old. Gender ratio （male：female） was 4.3： 1. The ages of the occupational poisoning cases in males was most distributed in youth and middle adults, accounting for 82.7% （43/52） ; Female age distribution of the poisoning cases, however, was mainly in the middle and the elderly adults, accounting for 75.0% （9/12） . The occupational poisonings occurred in 45.8% （11/24） of the private economy, 70.8% （17/24） of the SMEs and 40.0% （6/15） of the chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry enterpri- ses. About 20 kinds of chemicals were found to be the causes of the occupational poisonings. Chronic occupa- tional poisonings were mainly from benzene, acrylamide etc, which were distributed in the paint, ingredients and other positions. Acute occupational poisonings were mainly from hydrogen sulfide, chlorine etc, which were distributed in the wastewater treatment, the prosecution （Victoria） repair, transportation and other jobs. Conclusions Relevant administrative departments at all levels should pay more attention to the charac- teristics of occupational poisoning, especially strengthening montoring key industries, key positions, high-- risk chemical substances, as welll as the private economy, SMEs where there are frequently occupational poi- soning hazards, in order to develop effective Prevention and control measures of occupatio

关 键 词：职业中毒 职业病 现状分析 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]