基于SWMM模型的城市雨水花园调控措施的效果模拟  

Simulation of rain garden effects in urbanized area based on SWMM

作　　者：李家科[1] 李亚[1] 沈冰[1] 李亚娇[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安710048 [2]西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2014年第4期60-67,共8页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51209168;51279158);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(11JS078);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(20100481353);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目(11JK0753)

摘　　要：以西安市某片区降雨径流及其污染为研究对象,对研究区域进行合理概化,根据实测结果,通过率定及验证,构建暴雨雨水管理模型（SWMM）,模拟不同重现期（两年一遇、十年一遇以及二十年一遇）下研究区域有无雨水花园调控时的水量及水质状况。结果表明,设置面积比例约为2%时,在2年一遇至20年一遇的降水条件下,洪峰流量迟滞时间为5-7min,对径流总量削减率为25.69%-42.02%;对TN负荷削减率37.88%-42.41%;对TP负荷削减率35.30%-41.42%;对COD负荷削减率40.58%-42.71%;对SS负荷削减率42.10%-42.75%。雨水花园对城市暴雨所形成的径流在水量与水质两方面都有较好的控制效果,能够减少径流总量,降低径流峰值,同时削减污染物浓度峰值,减少污染物负荷;并对流量以及污染物浓度峰值有一定的迟滞作用。但随着降雨强度的增加,雨水花园的调控效果会随之降低。A storm water management model （SWMM） was developed on the basis of model calibration and validation with measured data through a case study for an urban area of Xi＇an. Three storms of different return periods （2, 10 and 20 years） were designed to simulate water quantity and water quality of the study area in the cases with or without rain garden. The results show that an area ratio about 2% of rain garden causes a peak time delay of 5-7min at the outfall, and a reduction of 25.69%-42.02% in runoff volume. The corresponding load reductions of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and total suspended solids are 37.88%-42.41%, 35.30%-41.42%, 40.58%-42.70%, and 42.10%-42.75% respectively. Thus, rain garden has good effects on both the water quantity and water quality of urban storm runoff, significantly decreasing the runoff peak and the concentrations of these four major pollutants. It can also reduce runoff volume and pollution loads and delay the peak times of flow and concentration, but its control effect will weaken with the increase of rainfall intensity.

关 键 词：水环境 城市非点源污染 SWMM 雨水花园 LID 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]